13．Which of the following are true for photons?
(A)Photons are Bose particles.
(B)Two photons are not allowed to occupy the same quantum state.
(C)They obey Bose-Einstein distribution with a finite chemical potential.
(D)Inside a cavity, the average photon number in a specific cavity mode (with frequency f) is approximately given by kBT/(hf), h=Planck constant, when kBT/h＞＞f.
(E)None of the above.

1．An alien spaceship streaks past the football stadium along the direction of play at 0.6c (as measured by the players on the field). A football field is 120 yards long by 55 yards wide. What is the length of the football field according to the alien? (A)120 yards (B)150 yards (C)96 yards (D)189.7 yards (E)75.9 yards

2．A spaceship whose rest length is 300.0 m has a speed of 0.80c with respect to a certain reference frame. A micrometeorite, also with a speed of 0.80c in this frame, passes the spaceship on an antiparallel track. How long does it take this object to pass the spaceship? (A)1.110 μs (B)1.080 μs (C)1.055 μs (D)1.025 μs (E)1.010 μs

3．Two identical objects, each of rest mass m₀, moving with equal but opposite velocities of 0.60c in the laboratory reference frame, collide and stick together. The resulting particle has a rest mass M₀. Is M₀ equal to (A)1.5 m₀ (B)2.0 m₀ (C)2.5 m₀ (D)3.0 m₀ (E)3.5 m₀

4．Which of the following phenomena most clearly demonstrates the wave nature of electrons? (A)The photoelectric effect. (B)Blackbody radiation (C)The Compton effect. (D)Diffraction of electrons by crystals. (E)None of these answers.

5．A thermal neutron has a speed v at temperature T=300 K and kinetic energy mₙv²/2=3kT/2. By Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle, what is the estimated kinetic energy (in MeV) of a nucleon bound within a nucleus of radius 10⁻¹⁵ m? (A)960.48 (B)763 (C)20.48 (D)197.48 (E)177

6．A hydrogen atom is in an excited state with the electron in a p-shell. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers n, ℓ, m is not consistent with this statement? (A)n, ℓ, m = 1, 1, 0. (B)n, ℓ, m = 2, 1, 1. (C)n, ℓ, m = 2, 1, 0. (D)n, ℓ, m = 2, 1, -1. (E)n, ℓ, m = 3, 1, 0.

7．Consider the electrons in a 1D metal and describe them as free particles. Let E(k)=p²/2m be the energy of an electron with momentum p. Then, the corresponding phase velocity of the electron wave is given by (A)p/m (B)p/(2m) (C)2p/m (D)21/2 p/m (E)None of the above

8．Consider two free electrons in 1D having the      same wave vector k      but      opposite spins     . Which of the following expressions gives the correct, normalized wave function for the two electrons? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)None of the above

9．Which are the following statements correct? (A)The maximum kinetic energy of the recoil electron in Compton scattering is given by ,where f is the frequency of the incident photon, h the Plank constant, c speed of the light and m rest mass of an electron. (B)The black body radiation curve for different temperatures peaks at a wavelength inversely proportional to the temperature. (C)The photon is massless so that the gravitational force will not affect its frequency as it leaves a star. (D)The maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron depends on the frequency of the incident light. (E)x-rays were found to be unaffected by electric and magnetic fields, to pass readily through opaque materials and to cause phosphorescent to glow.

10．X-rays having energy of 250 keV undergo Compton scattering from a target. The scattered rays are detected at 41° relative to the incident rays. (sin41°=0.656, cos41°=0.7547) Which of the following statements are true: (A)The wavelength of incident X-ray is 4.96×10⁻³ nm. (B)The Compton wavelength shift at this angle is 5.15×10⁻⁴ nm. (C)The wavelength of scattered X-ray is 5.95×10⁻³ nm. (D)The energy of the scattered X-ray is 223.2 keV. (E)The kinetic energy of the recoiling electron is 26.8 keV.

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