13. A Type-II functional response typically implies that predation rate per predator: (A) Increases linearly without limit as prey density increases. (B) Rises quickly at low prey density and then saturates due to handling time. (C) Declines at high prey density because predators become less efficient. (D) Is independent of prey density.

2.Which of the following statements about the River Continuum Concept is incorrect? (A) From upstream to downstream, FPOM is gradually replaced by increasingly abundant CPOM. (B) Many fishes in headwater streams require well-oxygenated water. (C) Microbes are significant consumers throughout much of the river continuum. (D) Benthic invertebrates can be classified into functional feeding groups (e.g., collectors, grazers/scrapers, shredders) based on how they acquire organic matter.

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