15. What is the formal oxidation state of iron in ferrocene (Fe(C₅H₅)₂) commonly used as a standard in electrochemistry?
(A) 0
(B)+1
(C) +2
(D) +3
(E) -1

1. Which elements could be the p-type dopant in a silicon host? (A) Carbon (B) Germanium (C) Aluminum (D) Phosphorous (E) Sulfur

2. In a n-type semiconductor, how does doping affect the Fermi level? (A) It shifts the Fermi level toward the conduction band (B) It shifts the Fermi level toward the valence band (C) The Fermi level remains unchanged (D) It shifts the Fermi level out of the band gap entirely (E) It shifts the Fermi level to the middle of the band gap

3. Which of the following ligands is the least likely to participate in π-back donation with a metal center? (A) CO (B) NH3 (C) (D) (E) C2H4

4. Which of the following effects is the basis of p-n junction solar cells? (A) Photoelectric (B) Photoconductive (C) Photovoltaic (D) Photothermal (E) Photocatalytic

5. Which ligand has the highest field strength in the spectrochemical series? (A) H2O (B) NH3 (C) (D) (E)

6. Which interaction is spin-orbit coupling mainly caused by? (A) The interaction between the electron's magnetic field and the nucleus (B) The interaction between two electron spins within the same orbital (C) The interaction between the electron's spin and the external magnetic field (D) The interaction between the electron's spin and its orbital angular momentum (E) The interaction between electron spin and the crystal lattice

7. Which elements will you expect the strongest spin-orbit coupling? (A) Iodine (B) Iron (C) Oxygen (D) Carbon (E) Hydrogen

8. Which ligand most likely acts as a n-acceptor (π-acid) ligand in transition metal complexes? (A) NH3 (B) CO (C) H2O (D) (E)

9. transitions occur at 21,000, 33,000, and 43,000 , respectively. Which following transition is more likely? (A) Ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (B) Ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (C) Metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (D) d-d (E) π-π*

10. Which configurations would be considered low-spin for a d6 ion in an octahedral ligand field? (A) t2g³ eg³ (B) t2g4 eg² (C) t2g5 eg¹ (D) t2g² eg4 (E) t2g6 eg0

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