17.
(A) over
(B) for
(C) with
(D) against

41. What is the potential impact of carbon pricing on low-income households and communities? (A) Disproportionate impact, as they may not have the resources to invest in cleaner technologies. (B) No impact, as they are not affected by carbon emissions. (C) Positive impact, as they may benefit from the revenue generated by carbon pricing. (D) Negative impact, as they may be excluded from participating in carbon markets.

42. What is the risk associated with carbon markets? (A) Reduced revenue for governments, leading to decreased investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. (B) Insufficient demand for carbon permits, leading to economic stagnation. (C) Increased carbon emissions, due to the lack of incentive for businesses and individuals to reduce their emissions. (D) Speculation and market manipulation, which could undermine the effectiveness of carbon pricing.

43. What is demand-pull inflation? (A) An increase in the money supply. (B) A decrease in the money supply. (C) An increase in demand for goods and services. (D) An increase in taxes.

44. What happens to interest rates when inflation is high? (A) They increase. (B) They decrease. (C) They remain the same. (D) It depends on the country’s central bank policy.

45. What is the impact of high inflation on consumer confidence? (A) It increases consumer confidence. (B) It decreases consumer confidence. (C) It has no effect on consumer confidence. (D) It depends on the country’s economic policies.

46. What is the role of central banks in managing inflation? (A) They have no role. (B) They can control the money supply to manage. (C) They can increase demand for goods and services. (D) They can decrease the cost of inputs such as labor and materials.

47. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning the industrial revolution in paragraph 2? (A) The author wants to say that the minute hand was a product of the industrial revolution to sell as merchandise. (B) The author wants to give a simple context that would inform the reader of the specific historical date of creation. (C) The author purposely mentions the industrial revolution to criticize how we are all exploited factory workers. (D) The author wants to imply that timekeeping was not merely a technological advancement but was also linked to industrialization, capitalism, and exploitation.

48. According to the author in paragraph 3, what does the clock symbolize under a social context? (A) The clock represents the groundwork that was laid down to kick-start the industrial revolution. (B) The clock symbolized oppressive regimes and how people become a sacrifice for technological improvement. (C) The clock represents a shift towards a more structured and regulated existence, where time becomes a measurable and valuable asset. (D) The clock represents the precise coordination of workers’ schedules and contributed to the dispirited routines that would characterize their entire lives.

49. According to paragraph 4, which of the following is NOT one of the negative impacts of time consciousness? (A) Scheduled activities. (B) Limited leisure time. (C) Exploitation of laborers. (D) Detachment from natural rhythms.

50. What does the term emancipated in paragraph 5 imply about our relationship with time? (A) Time is a to-do-list that we check off every single day. (B) The term implies that time is a constraint and we are enslaved by it. (C) We happily rely on time that we do not miss any tasks that are on our schedule. (D) Time is our benefactor and we freely cooperate with it to ensure our daily lives operate smoothly.

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