18. Evidence for chemiosmotic coupling as the mechanism for oxidative phosphorylation is based on the observation that: (A) mitochondrial membrane fragments without compartmentalization can carry out oxidative phosphorylation. (B) many different kinds of substances can serve as uncouplers. (C) submitochondrial preparations that contain closed vesicles can carry out oxidative phosphorylation. (D) it has proved impossible to duplicate the process by creating pH gradient. (E) None of the above.