19. To determine which photon transducer offers the best sensitivity in the 1000-1500 nm range, which of the following transducers give the best sensitivity?
(A) photomultiplier tube
(B) GaAs photovoltaic cell
(C) PbS photoconductivity
(D) CdS photoconductivity

1. At a particular temperature, the half-life of a zero-order reaction is 29.0min. How long will it take for the reactant concentration to be depleted by a factor of 8 ([A]t/[A]0 = 1/8)? (A) 87.0min (B) 58.0min (C) 50.8min (D) 232min (E) 203min

2. Consider the reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g), for which ΔH° = −200. kJ and ΔS° = −187 J/K at 25°C. Assuming that ΔH° and ΔS° are independent of temperature, calculate the temperature where Kp = 1. (A) 200 K (B) 1070 K (C) 2070 K (D) 970 K (E) none of these

3. Which of the following statements is/are true of adiabatic process?1. In an adiabatic process, no energy such as heat flows into or out of the system. 2. An adiabatic process occurs when a system is thermally conducted to the surroundings.3. For an adiabatic process, q = 0 and ΔE = w. (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 3 only (D) 1 and 2 (E) 1 and 3

4. Which occupied orbital has the highest energy in the rubidium atom at ground state? (A) 4p (B) 4s (C) 5s (D) 1s (E) 4d

5. The rate constant for a reaction increases from 10.0 s⁻¹ to 100. s⁻¹ when the temperature is increased from 315K to 416K. What is the activation energy for the reaction in kJ/mol? (R = 8.314 J/mol·K) (A) 10.8 kJ/mol (B) 0.0823 kJ/mol (C) 1.90 kJ/mol (D) 19.3 kJ/mol (E) 24.8 kJ/mol

6. How many of the following electron configurations for the species in their ground state are correct? Ca 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s² Mg 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹ V [Ar] 3s²3d³ As [Ar] 4s²3d¹⁰4p³ P 1s²2s²2p⁶3p⁵ (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

7. The elementary chemical reaction O + ClO → Cl + O2 is made pseudo-first order in oxygen atoms by using a large excess of ClO radicals. The rate constant for the reaction is 3.5 × 10⁻¹¹ cm³/molecule·s. If the initial concentration of ClO is 1.0 × 10¹¹ molecules/cm³, how long will it take for the oxygen atoms to decrease to 10.% of their initial concentration? (A) 3.2 × 10⁻³ s (B) 0.66 s (C) 0.017 s (D) 23 s (E) 2.4 s

8. Which following quantum model is most adequate as an approximation to describe an p electron moving in benzene? (A) A particle in a one-dimensional box. (B) Harmonic oscillator. (C) A freely moving particle. (D) Rotation in two dimensions. (E) A particle in a two-dimensional box.

9. Consider the second-order reaction aA → products (which has a first half-life of 25 s). If the concentration of A after 15.6 s is 0.36 M, determine the initial concentration of A. (A) 0.58 M (B) 0.26 M (C) 0.53 M (D) 0.14 M (E) 0.16 M

10. For an electron in a 2.00-nm one-dimensional box, calculate the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation to excite the electron from the ground state to the level with n = 3. (A) 140 pm (B) 467,000 nm (C) 32 mm (D) 1,650 nm (E) 62 fm

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