國營事業◆英文題庫下載題庫

I started this project early this year. So far, I ___ on this project for nearly a year. 
(A) have worked    (正常文意是不能用這個，have+pp的意思是動作剛完成，實際上是過去式的意思。當你特意用過去式時，就有結算至今，動作不會再下去了。一般新聞報導會想表達即時性多會用現在式式替代過去式或是現在完成式代替過去式，讓讀者感覺就正在發生，或是剛發生的感覺。

例如這句

Evan Deutsch has won the 7,000 kilometre (4,300 mile) Trans Am ultra-endurance race, setting a new record in the process.

讀完有才剛發生或發生沒超過十分鐘的感覺吧？

如果這句變成

Evan Deutsch won the 7,000 kilometre (4,300 mile) Trans ...

I started this project early this year. So far, I ___ on this project for nearly a year. 
(A) have worked    (正常文意是不能用這個，have+pp的意思是動作剛完成，實際上是過去式的意思。當你特意用過去式時，就有結算至今，動作不會再下去了。一般新聞報導會想表達即時性多會用現在式式替代過去式或是現在完成式代替過去式，讓讀者感覺就正在發生，或是剛發生的感覺。

例如這句

Evan Deutsch has won the 7,000 kilometre (4,300 mile) Trans Am ultra-endurance race, setting a new record in the process.

讀完有才剛發生或發生沒超過十分鐘的感覺吧？

如果這句變成

Evan Deutsch won the 7,000 kilometre (4,300 mile) Trans Am ultra-endurance race, setting a new record in the process.

讀完這一句，就完全沒剛發生的感覺，感覺就像一星期前或是n年前的事了。

因此過去式和過去完成式，是表達過去發生的事，現在已經不是了

如果是現在還會存在的事會用現在式或是現在完成進行式

所以這句選a會變成什麼意思，可想而知。
So far, I  have worked on this project for nearly a year.
我現在已做這專案近一年了(我不做這專案了，這持續的動作結束了)

(B) had worked 
(C) have been working 

   So far, I have been working  on this project for nearly a year.

(表示這動作還會持續做下去)

(D) had been working

雖然答案A C都對，但意思有差……題目出的不好。

來源引用 https://www.italki.com/question/104535#!  回答者是英國人，不是ESL

'I have studied English for several years' is the present perfect tense. 'I have been studying English for several years' is the present perfect continuous.
Both tenses can be used to describe actions that started in the past and continue up to the present moment. But, there can be a difference in meaning. We use the present perfect simple more to describe actions that are completed or that have a present result or for things we have done in our lives without specifying when.
'I have studied English for several years does not specifically tell us the action is continuing. It could have been completed at some point in my life.

我們使用現在完成簡單式大多是用來描述一個動作現在被完成，或是我們有一個現在的結論 或 對我們的生命中，我們的已做的事情，而這事情沒有特別強調何時。

'I have studied English for several years沒有特別地告訴我們這動作會持續。

這動作有可能已被完成在我生命中的某一個時點。(這段意思我描述一下，就是說，我已讀英文數年了。也可以被當作表經驗的結論為成果，像我已贏得了三個金牌，已去過某地，而這句要表示十年前，我就已經有讀了英文數年的經驗 也是 可以的意思)

We can also use past simple to express this. 'I studied English for several years.'
'I have been studying English for several years' tells us that the action continues. Normally if the action continues and the verb is not a stative one, we prefer to use present perfect continuous.

我們也可以用過去簡單式來表達這意思，'I studied English for several years.'

而'I have been studying English for several years' 告訴我們這動作會持續下去。
正常，如果這動作會持續 且 這動作 不是一個狀態動詞 ，我們偏好使用現在完成進行式。英國人說的比較準，聽esl在亂用。