28 Which one is always true for a spontaneous process at constant temperature?

(A)ΔSsystem+ΔSsurroundings=q/T

(B)ΔS＞0

(C)ΔS=q/T

(D)ΔSsystem+ΔSsurroundings＞0

(E)ΔS＜q/T

29 The sublimation of solid carbon dioxide is a spontaneous process. Predict the sign (+, -, or 0) of ΔGr°, ΔHr°, and ΔSr°, respectively.(A)-,0,+(B)-,-,-(C)-,+,+(D)0,+,+(E)-,+,-

30 Which of the following is the weakest acid?(A)HNO₃(B)HBr(C)HCl(D)HF(E)HI

31 Which of the following is not a Lewis base(A)OH⁻(B)H₂O(C)SO₃(D)Br⁻(E)NH₃

32 Which of the following has the highest pKa value?(A)HClO(B)HClO₃(C)HClO₄(D)HBrO(E)HIO

33 What is the pH of an aqueous solution containing 0.12 M C₆H₅NH₂ (Kb=4.3×10⁻¹⁰) and 0.018 M C₆H₅NH₃Cl?(A)5.46(B)10.19(C)4.63(D)3.81(E)8.54

34 Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent?(A)Fe²⁺(B)Cr²⁺(C)F⁻(D)H₂(E)Co²⁺

35 A reaction that has a very low activation energy exhibits which of the following characteristics?(A)The rate is very sensitive to temperature.(B)The rate does not change significantly with temperature.(C)It must be second order.(D)It produces a curved Arrhenius plot.(E)It must be first order.

36 Which of the following statements regarding the effect of a catalyst on a reaction is not true?(A)A catalyst has no effect on the equilibrium composition of the reaction.(B)A catalyst provides a lower activation energy for the reaction.(C)When a reaction is catalyzed, both forward and reverse reactions are accelerated.(D)A catalyst speeds up a reaction by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction.(E)When a catalyst speeds up a reaction, the rate law remains the same.

37 The chemical formula for diborane is(A)BH₃(B)B₂H₆(C)B₂H₄(D)B₂H₂(E)B₂H

38 The geometry of PCl4⁺ is(A)T-shaped.(B)tetrahedral.(C)seesaw.(D)trigonal bipyramidal.(E)trigonal pyramidal.

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