28.
(A) frequency
(B) dichotomy
(C) paradigm
(D) validation

29. (A) Less (B) Therefore (C) Beyond (D) Moreover

30. (A) with (B) toward (C) off (D) on

31. According to paragraph 2, how does the myth of Pygmalion relate to modern Artificial Intelligence (AI)? (A) It suggests that AI will eventually become a physical form of art displayed in museums. (B) It reflects that artificial creations are superior to and more controllable than natural reality. (C) It proves that ancient Greeks had developed a conceptual framework for programming. (D) It serves as a warning that AI will eventually fall in love with its human creators.

32. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the myth of Leto? (A) It was originally written to provide a legal framework for refugee rights in Rome. (B) It suggests that Leto was responsible for the upheaval of the modern world. (C) It is the only myth that does not involve a physical and psychological transformation. (D) It is used by writers to symbolize the plight of those who are homeless or in exile.

33. According to the passage, how has the perception of Medusa changed in modern times? (A) She is now viewed as a more terrifying monster than she was in Ovid’s original version. (B) Artists stop depicting her with snakes in her hair to make her look more human. (C) She is transformed from a monster to a heroic survivor of sexual assault. (D) She is now used primarily as a symbol for the dangers of violence on social media.

34. All of the following are mentioned as modern parallels to Ovid’s myths EXCEPT _____. (A) the discovery of new species in the animal kingdom (B) the hidden outcomes of autonomous technology (C) the use of social media for self-promotion (D) the challenges faced by refugees and displaced persons

35. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? (A) Modern adaptations of Ovid, such as My Fair Lady, are more effective at teaching ecological lessons than the original Latin text. (B) Ovid’s Metamorphoses is primarily a historical record of Greek myths that has lost its relevance in the digital age. (C) Metamorphoses remains vital today because its themes of change and fluidity allow it to be reinterpreted to address modern crises. (D) The primary purpose of Ovid’s work was to warn ancient Roman leaders about the dangers of excessive pride and vanity.

36. According to paragraph 2, why is the “tool” metaphor for AI considered problematic? (A) It suggests that AI has its own moral agency and can make decisions. (B) It encourages students to use AI for manual labor rather than intellectual tasks. (C) It fails to account for the physical weight and hardware constraints of AI systems. (D) It implies that any negative outcomes are solely the user’s fault.

37. Why does the author mention the study by Paul Thibodeau and Lera Boroditsky? (A) To indicate that metaphors can manipulate human problem-solving and decision-making. (B) To argue that crime in cities is subjected to either punishment or reform. (C) To show that psychologists are more qualified than computer scientists to discuss AI. (D) To illustrate that the use of “beast” metaphor is better than the “plague” metaphor.

38. According to paragraph 3, what is the “second hidden curriculum”? (A) The secret set of lesson plans developed by corporations to replace traditional teachers. (B) The process by which AI subtly directs learning and structures student thought processes. (C) The specialized course designed to teach students how to use AI tools effectively. (D) The unofficial social interactions that take place among students in a classroom.

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