3. Twenty years before the Titanic _____ maritime history, another ship touted as the next great technological feat set sail on the Great Lakes.
(A) changing
(B) which has changed
(C) was changing
(D) changed

49. According to Sasao Makoto, which of the following is NOT one of the reasons young women pawn their luxury handbags? (A) They have multiple bags of the same style. (B) They had spent over half of their monthly salary. (C) They think the design is no longer trendy. (D) They received an extra number of such bags as presents.

50. According to Toshi Marks, why do some Japanese women purchase luxury goods? (A) To follow the latest fashion trend and do what the public would do. (B) To show their financial independence despite living with their parents. (C) To answer the government’s call for more consumer spending. (D) To be different in a society that discourages individuality.

1. Mouly _____ one of the conductors of the New Yorker orchestra since 1993, selecting the cover that week after week lends the magazine its unique identity. (A) is (B) was (C) being (D) has been

2. _____ on February 21, 1925, the New Yorker did not always have such lofty ambitions. (A) Founded (B) Founding (C) That was founded (D) Found

4. Built to break speed records, the 91.4-meter freighter dubbed “the inland greyhound” by newspapers _____ be one of the safest ships afloat. (A) supposed to (B) was supposed to (C) supposing to (D) was supposing to

5. “_____ how the 300-foot Western Reserve was caught in a storm this far from shore made a uneasy feeling in the back of my neck,” he said in a society news release. (A) Know (B) Known (C) Knowing (D) To know

6. Framing the interventions of foreign technocrats as not merely ineffective but actively harmful, she described their influence on the nation’s crises in unmistakably ______ terms, insisting that renewed dependence on their expertise would be both ill-advised and injurious. (A) laudatory (B) pejorative (C) exculpatory (D) equivocal

7. While the scientist was widely praised for her pioneering research, some critics argued that her tendency to ______ data that contradicted her hypotheses undermined the integrity of her conclusions. (A) extrapolate (B) scrutinize (C) conceal (D) disseminate

8. After enduring twelve years of wrongful incarceration on spurious charges of treason, Alfred Dreyfus was ultimately ______, bringing a semblance of closure to one of France’s most polarizing political debacles. (A) exonerated (B) incarcerated (C) repudiated (D) abrogated

9. Despite having been reared in an environment indistinct in both nurture and nature — sharing not only genetic constitution but also formative experiences — the twins exhibited a stark psychological divergence under duress: one consistently embodied imperturbable composure, whereas the other betrayed a proclivity for impulsive ire, emblematic of a deeply ingrained choleric ______. (A) physiognomy (B) genotype (C) countenance (D) temperament