38. What constitutes a chief obstacle to patient participation in survivorship care?
(A) High expenses of treatment and therapy programs frustrating patient interest
(B) Lack of understanding and inadequate doctor recommendation to survivorship services
(C) Limited availability of treatment summaries after patient discharge from hospitals
(D) Neither genetics counseling nor fertility services is widely provided.

39. How do adult survivorship clinics compare to survivorship clinics for children?(A) They are more widely available than late-effects clinics for children.(B) They follow the same standardized model used in children’s hospitals.(C) They are mostly an integral part of cancer treatment team in hospitals.(D) They require less institutional support and fewer resources than children’s clinics.

40. According to the passage, which of the following is true about survivorship care programs?(A) Setting up national standards for their assessment is crucial.(B) The ideal care models need not be specialized ones.(C) Most hospitals prioritize recruiting qualified practitioners for the programs.(D) Computerized health records and treatment summaries are widely used.

41. According to the passage, which of the following is accurate about zero-sum thinking?(A) It is a belief that resources are infinite and can be shared equally.(B) It is a conviction that winners gain at the expense of losers.(C) It refers to a psychological condition that affects mostly political leaders.(D) It denotes a modern concept that emerged shortly after World War II.

42. Which of the following is cited as an irrational manifestation of zero-sum thinking?(A) Perception of competition, shortage and menace leading to dread and uncertainty(B) Accumulation of wealth through conducting a variety of economic activities(C) The International Monetary Fund nurturing interconnectedness among nations(D) Mercantilist hypotheses facilitating European trade and economic strategies

43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) Gold, silver, and territorial acquisition are the only true measures of wealth.(B) Wealth accumulation can be expedited through increased productivity and innovation.(C) Globalization and positive-sum thinking are detrimental to national power.(D) International protectionist policies are essential to national prosperity.

44. According to the passage, which is NOT a measure that alleviates zero-sum thinking?(A) Set up policies easing economic disadvantages in societies(B) Promote positive-sum thinking that encourages global teamwork(C) Utilize cooperative learning strategy in the competitive educational setting(D) Replicate European mercantilism paradigm to achieve global peace

45. According to the passage, which of the following statements is false?(A) Zero-sum thinking in geopolitics tends to destabilize the world order.(B) Zero-sum bias would lead people to embrace cooperation rather than competition.(C) Zero-sum mindset can be mitigated through slow thinking strategy.(D) Zero-sum thinking may originate from emotional anxieties about one’s worth.

46. Which of the following statements best describes the impact of nutrient supplementation on livebirth rates in women with infertility?(A)Antioxidants can continually improve live birth rates across all randomized controlledtrials.(B)Calcitriol, a vitamin D form, has proven effects in significantly increasing the chances oflive birth.(C) The evidence for the benefit of multiple micronutrients and antioxidants is uplifting butremains dubious.(D)L-arginine has been proven to be the most effective supplement for improving live birthrates.

47. Why is it a challenge to provide general recommendations on the prescription of multiplemicronutrients?(A) Most studies employed identical formulations and dosages; therefore recommendationsare redundant.(B) The ingredients and dosages in the randomized controlled trials are too varied to warrantefficacy.(C) The effect of antioxidant properties in the supplements is proven adverse to warrantintervention.(D) Statistically significant results on reproductive outcomes are consistently presented.

48. According to the review article, which of the following is NOT true?(A) The review included only studies on women who have been undergoing medically assistedreproduction (MAR).(B) The review provides inconclusive evidence that all nutrient supplements improve livebirth rates.(C) There was a lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials, leading to weak anduncertain evidence.(D) While vitamin D may regulate hormone and contribute to endometrial receptivity, itseffect on fertility is unclear.

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