4. For a reaction to take place, the molecules that are reacting:
(A) Must have more energy than the products
(B) Must have less energy than the products
(C) Must be able to reach the activation energy
(D) Must be in considerable numbers

5. What is the pH of a 0.1 M H3PO4 and 0.1 M KH2PO4 solution? Ka1 = 7.5×10-3, Ka2 = 6.2×10-8, and Ka3 = 4.8×10-13 (A) 4.67 (B) 3.25 (C) 2.12 (D) 1.56

6. What is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in CO?(A) +1 (B) 0 (C) -1 (D) -2

7. The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is \(6.0 \times 10^{14}\) Hz. What is its wavelength? (A) \(5 \times 10^{-7}\) m (B) 0.2 \(\mu\)m (C) 500 nm (D) 1000 nm

8. In the hydrogen atom spectrum, for which of the following transitions the light emission has the longestwavelength?(A) n = 6 to n = 5 (B) n = 5 to n = 4 (C) n = 4 to n = 3 (D) n = 3 to n = 2

9. Which of the following statements is true?(A) Water evaporated spontaneously at 1 atm and 101 ˚C because liquid water has the larger entropy thanits vapor at this condition.(B) Water evaporated spontaneously at 1 atm and 101 ˚C because liquid water has the larger free energythan its vapor at this condition.(C) Water evaporated spontaneously at 1 atm and 101 ˚C because liquid water has the larger enthalpy thanits vapor at this condition.(D) none of these.

10. Which of the following is close to the typical bond energy of a covalent bond?(A) 1 Kcal/mol (B) 10 Kcal/mol (C) 100 Kcal/mol (D) 1000 Kcal/mol

11. The majority of shell electron transitions in molecules occur in the region of the electromagneticspectrum.(A) IR (B) X rays (C) UV light (D) microwave

12. CO2 is a greenhouse gas because it absorbs region of the electromagnetic spectrum.(A) IR (B) X rays (C) UV light (D) microwave

13. What is the major effect or transition to make CO2 a greenhouse gas?(A) electronic transition (B) molecular vibration (C) molecular rotation (D) molecular translation.

14. The root mean square speed of N2 at 300 K is about(A) 5170 m/s (B) 517 m/s (C) 51.7 m/s (D) 5.17 m/s.

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