48. 下列何者不屬於堆高機災害之間接原因
(A)路面凹凸
(B)貨叉載重超過最大負荷
(C)堆高機頂棚損壞
(D)作業員未接受安全衛生教育訓練 。

48. 下列何者不屬於堆高機災害之間接原因(A)路面凹凸(B)貨叉載重超過最大負荷(C)堆高機頂棚損壞(D)作業員未接 受安全衛生教育訓練。

48. 下列何者不屬於堆高機災害之間接原因 (A)路面凹凸 (B)貨叉載重超過最大負荷 (C)堆高機頂棚損壞 (D)作業員未接受安全衛生教育訓練 。

49. 下列何者非屬輪胎之檢查重點 (A)氣壓 (B)幅寬 (C)砂石等異物嵌入 (D)磨耗 。

50. 勞工健康檢查紀錄至少應保存 (A)三年 (B)五年 (C)七年 (D)十年 。

1.Which of the following drug is categorized as Agonist-Antagonist and should "Not" be used in opioid tolerant patients. (A) Morphine (B) Tramadol (C) Nalbuphine (D) Hydromorphone (E) Methadone

2. Which one of the following nociceptors is confirmed by microneurography with psychophysical experiments? (A) Rapidly adapting (flutter, vibration) and slowly adapting (pressure) cutaneous echanoreceptors, (B) Aδ-mechanonociceptors (AM [mechano]； sharp pain), (C) C-polymodal nociceptors (CM [mechano] H[heat]； dull, burning [heat] pain), (D) Muscle nociceptors (cramping pain). (E) All of the above

3. Which of following description about opioid receptors is "Incorrect" ? (A) Opioid receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) (B) Opioid receptors are coupled to Gs protein to trigger downstream signaling. (C) Overall opioid receptor activation leads to inhibit neuronal activity (D) In spinal cord level, opioid receptors are located mostly in the superficial dorsal horn (E) Endogenous opiates maybe released by immune cells and work on both central and peripheral opioid receptors.

4. Which of following description about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) pharmacology is "Correct"? (A) NSAIDs work by inhibiting the inflammation associated enzyme cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase (B) Perioperative use of NSAIDs will not increase the risk of surgical site bleeding (C) NSAIDs will not have drug-drug interaction with anticoagulant (such as warfarin) (D) Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is the inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase but is constitutively expressed in certain tissues such as brain and kidney (E) Compared with non-selective NSAIDs, long term use of Cox-2 inhibitors will significantly reduce the risk of serious cardiovascular events, renal failure or congestive heart failure.

5. Which of following description about using anticonvulsants (used as Analgesic Drugs is "Correct"? (A) Most commonly used anticonvulsants as analgesics appear to work through potentiation of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels (B) Sodium channel subtype 1.4 &1.5 are highly expressed in neuronal cell and could be the drug target for anticonvulsant medication (C) Gabapentinoid (Gabapentin & Pregabalin) works on GABA receptor (D) Topiramate works only on voltage-gated sodium channel (E) Lamotrigine and Phenytoin work on voltage-gated sodium channels Ans: E Chap 35&36

6. For peripheral pain mechanisms and nociceptor sensitization, which one of the following statement is wrong? (A) Sensory neurons commonly identified as nociceptors are those with myelinated (A-fiber) axons, big cell body diameters (＞ 50 μm), that terminate in the deep layers of the spinal cord dorsal horn. (B) The presence or absence of certain markers (e.g., the tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium channel NaV1.8, the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor TRPV1) have been used to identify subsets of nociceptors. (C) More recently, with the ability to analyze many genes expressed in a single cell, patterns of gene expression have been used to further define subpopulations of nociceptors. (D) With respect to cell body size and myelination, it should be appreciated that there exist some large diameter cells with heavily myelinated and rapidly conducting axons that have been documented functionally to be nociceptors. (E) Many non-nociceptors have unmyelinated axons, and thus, axon myelination or cell diameter cannot be applied as reliable criteria to define a nociceptor.

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