5. All of the following cell types are correctly matched with their functions except
(A) guard cell — regulation of transpiration
(B) sieve-tube member ——translocation
(C) vessel element — water transport
(D) mesophyll — photosynthesis
(E) companion cell — formation of secondary xylem and phloem

6. An evolutionary adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest is (A) lateral buds. (B) apical dominance. (C) intercalary meristems. (D) absence of petioles. (E) dosing of the stomata.

7. The amount and direction of movement of water in plants can always be predicted by measuring which of the following? (A) air pressure (B) proton gradients (C) dissolved solutes (D) rainfall (E) water potential

8. Root hairs are most important to a plant because they (A) anchor a plant in the soil. (B) increase the surface area for absorption. (C) contain xylem tissue. (D) store starches. (E) provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

9. What is the relationship between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants? (A) Pollination easily occurs between plants of different species. (B) If fertilization occurs, pollination is unnecessary. (C) Pollen is formed within megasporangia so that male and female gametes are near each other. (D) Pollination brings gametophytes together so that fertilization can occur. (E) Fertilization precedes pollination.

10. The least reliable indicator of an animal's metabolic rate would be the amount of (A) ATP produced within its cells. (B) water it drinks. | (C) heat it generates. (D) oxygen it inspires. I (E) carbon dioxide it expires.

11. Which of the following is not part of an older tree's bark? | (A) cork (B) cork cambium I (C) lenticels (D) secondary xylem 1 (E) secondary phloem | .

12. What do hearing, touch, and smell have in common? (A) The transducers are all proprioceptors. (B) The sensory information from all three is sent to the thalamus. (C) The sensoiy receptors are all hair cells.(D) Sensory energy is transduced to form a receptor potential.  (E) Only A and B are correct. 

13. To sequence the following double strand of DNA, which primer can be used? 5'AGGCAGTTACCG------------------／／--------------------------------GGCTTAAAGTCG 3‘3‘TCCGTCAATGGC-------------------／／------------------         ------CCGAATTTCAGC5‘ (A) 5‘TCCGTCAATGGC3‘ (B) 5‘CCGAATTTCAGC3‘ (C)5‘AGGCAGTTACCG3‘ (D) 5‘GGCTTAAAGTCG3‘ (E) None of them.

14. Which of the following illustrates hydrolysis?  .(A) The reaction of two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide with the release of water (B) The synthesis of two amino acids to form a dipeptide with the utilization of water  (C) The reaction of a fat to form glycerol and fatty acids with the release of water s (D) The reaction of a fat to form glycerol and fatty acids with the utilization of water (E) The synthesis of a nucleotide from a phosphate, a ribose sugar, and a nitrogen base with the production of a molecule of water 

15. Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells? (A) peroxisomes (B) desmosomes (C) gap junctions (D) glycocalyx (E) tight junctions 

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