5. What is the universal sequence of tRNAs?
(A) 5'-UUC
(B) 5'-CCG
(C) 5'-UCA
(D) 5'-UUG
(E) 5'-CCA

6. A type of cell called the lymphocytes makes proteins that are exported from the cell. You can track the path of these proteins by using pulse-chase experiment with radioisotope-labeled proteins to demonstrate the classic secretory pathway in cells. Which of the following might be the classic secretory pathway for those polypeptides to be sorted out? (A) rough ER -- lysosome --- plasma membrane (B) smooth ER -- Golgi --- plasma membrane (C) nucleus -- rough ER -- Golgi --- plasma membrane (D) rough ER -- Golgi --- plasma membrane (E) rough ER --- mitochondria -- Golgi --- plasma membrane

7. A cell containing sodium ions at a concentration of 0.05 mM lives in a pond containing 0.005 mM of sodium ions. Evidently, sodium ions are entering the cell by (A) simple diffusion (B) osmosis (C) active transport (D) facilitated diffusion (E) endocytosis

8. Particle A is observed to be brought into the cell through endocytosis. This means that the destination of particle A is most likely (A) one of the membrane-bound organelles because vesicles aren't involved (B) one of the membrane-bound organelles because it is being transported via a vesicle (C) the cytosol because it is being transported via a vesicle (D) the cytosol because vesicles aren't involved (E) the cytosol because membrane deformation is being achieved

9. Which of the following statements regarding second messenger is correct? (A) A hormone that acts on a target cell, not one of the releasing factors or trophic hormones that act on specific endocrine glands (B) A substance that brings about a desired effect in a cell as a result of a hormone binding to its receptor on the cell surface (C) A hormone that affects the DNA of the target cell (D) None is correct (E) All are correct

10. Which of the following shows the correct order of action potential generation of a neuron? (A) Gated Na+ channel open ＞ Gated K+ channel open ＞ Cl- channel open (B) Voltage change ＞ Gated K+ channel open ＞ Gated Na+ channel open (C) Voltage change ＞ Gated Na+ channel open ＞ Gated K+ channel open (D) None of above (E) All of above

11. Which one participates in the progression of M phase in mitosis? (A) Cyclin A (B) Cyclin B (C) Cyclin D (D) Cyclin E (E) None of these

12. Okazaki fragment is found in (A) Replication origin (B) Kinetochore (C) Leading strand (D) Lagging strand (E) None of these

13. Which one is involved in the innate immune response? (A) CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (B) CD4+ helper T cell (C) B220+ B cell (D) Natural killer cell (E) Regulatory T cell

複選題14. Which of the following triggers apoptosis? (A) Fas ligand (B) NGF (C) TNFα (D) Insulin (E) A and C

15. Which of the following leads to a point mutation? (A) DNA single-strand break (B) benzo(a)pyrene conversion of guanine to a thymine base (C) DNA double-strand break (D) A, B, and C are correct (E) A and C are correct

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