51. 下列有關 B 細胞功能的敘述，何者正確？
(A) B 細胞能殺死被感染的細胞
(B) B 細胞能協助 T 細胞發育成熟
(C) B 細胞分泌抗原
(D) B 細胞可成為漿細胞

97. If a teacher offers students random resource choices unrelated to the course topic, what would most likely happen according to the passage? (A) Students would show a dramatic increase in their creativity and develop unique new insights. (B) Students would become confused and increasingly dependent on teacher explanations for learning. (C) Students’ intrinsic motivation might weaken because the materials would lack thematic connection. (D) Learning efficiency would improve as students are exposed to a broader range of information types.

98. How do the views expressed in the passage relate to the development of perceived competence among students? (A) Students are perceived to demonstrate advanced competence after they select their own materials. (B) Perceived competence is less relevant to educational success when external motivation factors are strong. (C) Students generally develop competence after extensive implementation of student-centered activities. (D) Providing students with choices and positive feedback leads to stronger perceptions of competence.

99. Which of the following best characterizes the ideal type of learning resource recommended in the passage? (A) Resources should be carefully curated to be informative, relevant, and aligned with learning goals. (B) Resources should be highly entertaining and designed to maximize attention and quick engagement. (C) Resources should be standardized across courses in order to maintain academic fairness and efficiency. (D) Resources should be technologically advanced to ensure their connection to the lesson themes.

100. What underlying educational philosophy is most closely aligned with the passage’s arguments about motivation? (A) Behaviorism, which emphasizes rewards and punishments to drive student behaviors and attitudes. (B) Essentialism, which stresses stringent adherence to established curriculum and conventional teaching methods. (C) Constructivism, which values autonomy, exploration, and student-centered, self-guided learning. (D) Perennialism, which focuses on universal truths and emphasizes classical texts as the core of education.

52. 下列有關免疫機制中吞噬作用的敘述，何者正確？ (A) 巨噬細胞是由 B 細胞衍生而成 (B) 唾液含溶菌可分解細菌，是吞噬作用 (C) 發炎反應與吞噬作用分別作用並無關連 (D) 吞噬細胞是以細胞內的水解酵素將病原體分解

53. 有關細胞骨架的敘述下列何者正確？ (A) 中間絲(intermediate filament) 可以固定胞器的位置 (B) 細胞骨架主要由醣類排列而成的 (C) 微管(microtubule)可助變形蟲伸出偽足 (D) 微絲(microfilament)可以形成纖毛(cilia)

54. 細 胞 凋 亡 (Apoptosis) 為 細 胞 有 計 劃 性 的 死 亡 (programmed cell death)，下列何項    不是    它的特性？ (A) 細胞凋亡是正常發育過程不可或缺的作用 (B) 細胞凋亡時，染色質會濃集(chromatin condense)， DNA 斷裂 (C) 細胞凋亡可由活化一連串的 Caspase 酵素所誘導發生 (D) 細胞凋亡通常會引發發炎反應

55. 科學家發現某種病毒只能感染哺乳類細胞，但無法感染 昆蟲或細菌，這主要歸因於哪一項因素？ (A) 宿主細胞表面受體與病毒外殼蛋白的專一性結合 (B) 哺乳類細胞具有特殊的質膜通道可主動吸收病毒 (C) 病毒的 DNA 無法在細胞核內進行複製 (D) 病毒只能透過細胞壁滲透進入宿主細胞

56. 關於減數分裂 I 與減數分裂 II 的比較，下列敘述何者   錯誤   ？ (A) 同源染色體的分離發生在減數分裂 I (B) 姊妹染色單體的分離發生在減數分裂 II (C) 減數分裂 II 的染色體排列與有絲分裂相似 (D) 減數分裂 I 後細胞具有雙套染色體結構

57. 在一項藥理學研究中，科學家發現某種新型化合物能夠 專一性地阻斷神經元突觸後膜上的配體門控離子通道 (ligand-gated ion channel)。如果將這種化合物應用於動 物體內，下列哪一種生理過程最可能受到最直接的影響？ (A) 動作電位在單個神經元軸突上的傳導速度 (B) 神經傳遞物質與突觸後膜受體的結合能力 (C) 突觸後神經元對突觸前神經元釋放的神經傳遞物 質的反應 (D) 神經元細胞膜上鈉鉀幫浦的活性