7 有關「核心知識觀點(core knowledge perspective)」與「理論理論(theory theory)」之間的比
較,下列何者最正確?
(A)兩者皆同意 J. Piaget 的論點,知識的起源始於新生兒未分化的原始反射(primitive reflex)
(B)前者主張嬰兒天生擁有概念知識的能力,這些知識支持嬰兒早期的快速發展;後者認為與生俱
來的知識並不完備,需經過後天經驗不斷解釋、修正,才能成熟
(C)前者以演化論及具特定影響的大腦模組(domain-specific brain modules)作為天生知識的論述
基礎;後者認為嬰兒從頭至尾透過自己的探索,建構物理、心理、生物及心智理論(theory of
mind)等四大知識系統
(D)前者結合天生論與建構論,又稱為初始狀態的建構論(starting-state constructivism);後者結
合演化論與模組論,又稱為新天生論(neonativism)
統計: A(69), B(1188), C(403), D(191), E(0) #2190744
詳解 (共 5 筆)
提出新觀點
Neo-nativism: The most articulate criticism of Piaget's infancy theory comes from proponents of neo-nativism. The belief that infants are born with substantial innate knowledge about the physical world, which requires less time and experience to be demenstrated than Piaget proposed. Research suggests that infants know something about permanency of objects very early on; such knowledge does not have to be "constructed".
Theory theories: theories of cognitive development that combine neo-nativism and constrictivism, proposing that cognitive development progresses by children generating, testing,and changing theories about the physical and social world.
來源:Developmental Psychology Childhood&Adolescence Ninth Edition by Shaffer and Kipp
(A)後者較接近Piaget 理論,認為知識是建構出來的
(C)前者以演化論及具特定影響的大腦模組(domain-specific brain modules)作為天生知識的論述基礎;後者不確定確切錯誤地方(但我認為嬰兒並非全然透過自我探索,其本身就具備先天的知識僅是知識不夠完整,因此必須透過不斷的修正及測試建構出理論)
(D)前者結合演化論與模組論,又稱為新天生論(neonativism);後者結合天生論與建構論,又稱為初始狀態的建構論(starting-state constructivism)。
(C) theory theory: 同上的wiki解釋,這個理論是說從一個天真的狀態來推斷他人的想法,但並未提及建構四大知識系統。
結論:最好的、完全正確的答案是B
更新一個角度:
(C)
Core Knoweledge perspective
以演化論及具特定影響的大腦模組(domain-specific brain modules)作為天生知識的論述基礎
https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/sites.northwestern.edu/dist/1/558/files/2016/07/HesposCoreKnowledge-tj0tcw.pdf