8. A country with a relatively low level of real GDP per person is considering adopting two policies to promote economic growth. The first is to increase barriers to trade. The second is to restrict foreign portfolio investment. Which of these policies would most economist think would promote growth?
(A) both the first and the second
(B) the first but not the second
(C) the second but not the first
(D) neither the first nor the second

9. Other things the same, if the price level rises, people (A) increase foreign bond purchases, so the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange increases. (B) increase foreign bond purchases, so the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange decreases. (C) decrease foreign bond purchases, so the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange increases. (D) decrease foreign bond purchases, so the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange decreases.

10. The phenomenon of crowding-out suggests that the positive impact of budget deficits on economic activity are reduced by  _______ .(A) the impact produced by government spending on the environment. (B) an increase in national savings. (C) the interest rate effects associated with federal deficits. (D) the increase in pork barrel projects deficit spending entails.

11. In an economy open to international trade where the interest rate at which saving and investment would be equal is the world real interest rate _______ . (A) above; a trade surplus ensues (B) below; a trade deficit ensues (C) above; there is a net capital outflow (D) below; there is a net capital inflow E) none of the above

12. Which of the following is (are) likely to cause the marginal product of an input to decrease? (A) an increase in the real price of the input (B) a decrease in the quantity of the input used in production (C) technological advances (D) all of the above E) none of the above

13. If Figure 1 above is to show the result of a "fully accommodating" monetary policy following a shift of the IS curve from IS0 to IS1, what is the initial level of real income and interest rate before these changes? (A) 3500; 7.5%. (B) 4500; 12.5%. (C) 5500; 7.5%. (D) 4500; 2.5%.

14. In Figure 2 above, expansionary fiscal policy accommodated by the Fed can be pictured as a movement from points (A) A to D. (B) A to C. (C) D to B. (D) B to D. (E) A to B.

15. In Figure 3 above, an increase in autonomous exports will cause the ______ dollars to ______ and the exchange rate to ______, ceteris paribus. (A) supply of; shift to S1; rise (B) supply of; shift to S1; fall (C) demand for; shift to D1; fall (D) demand for; shift to D2; fall

16. Keynes argued that monetary policy would be impotent during the Great Depression because a (A) fall in interest rates would stimulate investment. (B) fall in interest rates would not stimulate investment. (C) rise in interest rates should not stimulate investment. (D) rise in interest rates would stimulate inv

17. In Figure 4 above, positive nominal GDP growth accompanied by higher inflationary expectations take us along path (A) A. (B) C. (C) E. (D) G.

18. In Figure 4 above, an adverse supply shock accompanied by a neutral policy take us along path (A) F. (B) G. (C) H. (D) A.

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