申論題

一、英譯中：

⑴Vaccine opposition has ebbed and flowed over centuries. In the mid-1800s, people protested in the streets of England after the British government began requiring citizens to get the vaccination. Many opponents mistrusted doctors and were wary of a medical treatment they didn’t understand. For a long time in history, people treated these opponents as irrational and anti-progress — kind of a lunatic fringe. But there were good reasons to be leery of vaccines. In the early days, the closely related cowpox virus was used to immunize people against smallpox.（25 分）