1 相較於完全競争,獨佔性競争將會導致在長期均衡下,廠商產能將呈現 過剩(excesscapacity)的情况,何謂產能過剩?試用圖形說明為何會 有此情况,對社會福利的影響為何?相較於完全競争,獨估性競争對消 費者的效用影響為何?

2. Suppose the expectations are adaptive and an economy is initially in a long run equilibrium. How will this economy adjust to a new long-run equilibrium in response to an esxpansionary monetary policy? Support your answer with a graph of Short-run and Long-run Phillips curves. Make sure you explain the adjustment process regarding with important economic variables such as real wage, unemployment rate, as well as inflation rate.

3. Consider a scenario of a golf club which serves as a monopolist in the local market and it faces a downward sloping demand curve. Assume that the marginal cost of providing golf service is constant and low, use a graph to demonstrate how this monopolist maximize its profit without any form of price discrimination. What if this monopolist can practice price discrimination using two-part tarif(兩部定價法)?What is strategy chosen by this monopolist. Which scenario (with and without two-part tarift) generate a larger social surplus? Show your results on the graph.

a 有高概率獲利(95%概率獲得10萬元)

b.有低概率利(5%概率獲得10萬)

C. 有高概率會損失(95%概率損失10萬元)

d. 有低概率會捐失(5%概率失10元)

a. What does a contract curve(契約曲線) on the Edgeworth Box represent?

b. Derive the equation for the contract curve when each consumer has Cobb-Douglas preferences given by U (X,Y) = XY.

c. How does the contract curve change when Consumer 1 has the utility function as U (X,Y) = X2Y while the other consumer's preferences are as before? Derive the equation for the contract curve.

d. Demonstrate the two contract curves on the Edgeworth Box and explain where does the difference between these two contract curves. marginal cost of providing golf service is constant and low, use a graph to demonstrate how this monopolist maximize its profit without any form of price discrimination. What if this monopolist can practice price discrimination using two-part tarif(两部定價法)?What is strategy chosen by this monopolist. Which scenario (with and without two-part tarift) generate a larger social surplus? Show your results on the graph.

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