⑷試航時，各種裝置及設備應完善。

一、請將下列英文譯為中文：（20 分） The reactions of structural components of the ship hull to external loads are usually measured by either stresses or deflections. Structural performance criteria and the associated analyses involving stresses are referred to under the general term of strength while deflection-based considerations are referred to under the term stiffness. The ability of a structure to fulfill its purpose may be measured by either or both strength and stiffness considerations. The strength of a structural component would be termed inadequate and structural failure would be deemed to have occurred if the material of which the component is constructed experiences a loss of load-carrying ability through fracture, yield, buckling, or some other failure mechanism in response to the applied loading.

⑴安放龍骨艏艉柱材底板肋骨時，所用各種材料及尺寸應與設計圖說相符，各部分 連接及固著方法，應予堅固。

⑵船殼完成時，應加水密試驗，結構應堅固，舵之裝置應堅固靈便。

⑶新建動力載客船應在船體建造完成階段之適當時期，在主管機關檢查人員之監督 下由造船廠內合格人員施行傾斜試驗。但如其同型船業經施行傾斜試驗者，得准 免施行。

⑴Bollard pull

⑵Wetted surface

⑶Slamming

⑷Resonance

⑸Added mass

四、英文作文：（30 分） The role of ship classification societies.