一、問題答(此大題佔50分,每子題的配分請參閱每题項後配分)
某研究生想要研究台灣地區不同階段學生(國中到大學)的整體自尊(global self-esteem)發展變化與性別差異,以此作為碩士論文的研究主題。以下是他所蒐 集與整理的相關資料,請先閱讀並回答後續問題:
引述Rosenberg(1965)對整體自尊的定義:Selfeteem a a feeling of self-acceptance, self-respect, and positive self-evaluation that is conceptualized as a relatively enduring characteristic rather than something that shifts abruptly from one situation to another.
研究生蒐集相關的研究資料後,特別針對二種測量自尊的方式加以比較, 如表1:
(註1)Rosenberg, M.(1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (註2)Robins,R.W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the lifespan. Psychology and Aging, 17, 423-434.
(二)上述第二種量表是引用Robins等人(2002) SingIe–Item Self–ESteem Scale進行整體自尊研究。以下是此研究方法、取樣與結果(Fig.1)的部分摘述與圖示,請先閱讀並回答後續問題:
This study provides a comprehensive picture of age differences in self-esteem from age 9 to 90 years using cross-sectional data collected from 326,641 individuals over the Internet.
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