2. Policy entrepreneur

3. Principal-agent theory

4. Representative bureaucracy

5. Span of control

1. Increasing use of collaborations as problem-solving and service delivery mechanisms coincides with attention to “governance.” Indeed, part of the attraction that discussions of governance hold is that it fits a world in which governing no longer is confined to public institutions. The term signals awareness that concern for public well-being and the capacity for public problem solving must extend beyond government bodies if elected officials and public managers are to meet citizens’ expectations and needs. In other words, those involved in cross-sector collaborations should ensure that the effort creates significant public value, viewed broadly as that which is valued by the public and is good for the public, as assessed against various public value criteria such as public benefit and fairness. (15%)

2. It is generally believed that public employees are motivated by a sense of service not found among private employees. They are seen as motivated by a concern for the community and a desire to serve the public interest and are more likely to be characterized by an ethic that prioritizes intrinsic rewards over extrinsic rewards. The concept of public service motivation (PSM) is used to explain the difference between public and private employees. In recent years, a significant amount of research has examined the topic of PSM. The primary focus of recent studies on PSM has been on identifying the nature of PSM and exploring whether it is characteristic of civil servants. However, the measurement of PSM is not fully examined. Perry (1996) identified a multidimensional scale to measure PSM that has four components: attraction to policy making (APM), commitment to public interest(CPI), compassion (COM), and self-sacrifice (SS). Perry’s measurement scale represents the generally accepted model of PSM within the United States, but there is little research on the generalizability and applicability of the dimensions and scale of PSM in the other countries. National culture may influence the construct of PSM in North American studies, and it is an empirical question whether it is possible to measure PSM in a different cultural context using the same approach. A major concern about using a scale developed in another country is its validity across societies. An important step in establishing the generalizability of PSM is to assess its applicability in other countries. (20%)

1. 行為主義導向的公共政策研究：以政策工具「推力」為核心的初探

2. 影響現職消防人員提早退休因素之研究：工作特性的分析

3. 貪腐容忍度的類型化建構：內在與外在效度的評估

4. 情緒勞務會受到組織環境因素影響嗎？公部門、私部門、非營利組織員工行為異同之探索性研究

1. Civic engagement

115年 - [無官方正解]115 中央警察大學_碩士班入學考試試題_外事警察研究所：專業英文#139768

111年 - [非官方正解]111 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試試題：專業英文(G)#124198

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_外國語文學研究所:專業英文(A)：英文作文#113277

110年 - [非官方正解]110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_部分系所:專業英文(G)：科技英文#111315

110年 - [非官方正解]110 中央警察大學_碩士班招生考試_外事警察研究所：專業英文#110761

110年 - [非官方正解]110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_生化科技研究所:專業英文(I)#107824

110年 - [非官方正解]110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_漁業科學研究所:專業英文(L)#107429

110年 - 110 國立政治大學_博士班招生考試_ 社會學系/公共議題與社會學組一般生:專業英文#105576

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110年 - 110 國立中山大學_碩士暨碩士專班招生考試_海事所:專業英文#104437