I. Translation (每小題10分，共20分)

 1. 科學家們早就知道蜜蜂透過搖晃身體來跳舞。這是他們分享關於蜂巢周圍花朵的方向和距離的訊息的方式。花會產生一種叫做花蜜的甜味液體和一種叫做花粉的黃色粉末。它們都是蜜蜂的食物。蜜蜂甚至可以用它們的舞蹈動作互相告訴對方某些花有多美味。現在一項新的研究顯示，蜜蜂在出生時並不具備這些舞蹈技能。年輕的蜜蜂透過觀察年長的蜜蜂來學習它們。像其他一些昆蟲一樣，蜜蜂可以透過相互模仿來學習新的行為。這就是所謂的「社會學習」。

2. 以下文字是一本書的簡介，請翻譯為中文。書名請譯為中文，第一次提及時請附帶原文。作者姓名以原文呈現即可。       The Invisible Kingdom: Reimagining Chronic Illness, by Meghan O’Rourke: Beginning in the late 1990s, Meghan O’Rourke was tormented by mysterious symptoms that would consume her life for years to follow. She describes her wrenching experience searching for a diagnosis in The Invisible Kingdom, a 2022 National Book Award finalist. O’Rourke’s reported memoir is an indictment of the U.S. health care system and its approach—or lack thereof—to identifying and treating chronic illnesses, which take a grave toll on millions of Americans. Moving between her own medical journey, the history of illness in the U.S., and the crisis faced by millions currently suffering from long COVID, O’Rourke writes with an empathetic hand to argue why and how we need to change our systems to better support patients. The book is a bold and brave exploration into a much-overlooked topic, one that she punctuates with candor and urgency.

II. Essay Question (20分)       Cultural diversity refers to the variety of human cultures, languages, beliefs, practices, and traditions that exist and coexist within a society or among different societies, and the recognition and appreciation of these differences. For you, as an English teacher in Taiwan, what role does cultural diversity play in the classroom? How can you create a learning environment that values and respects the diversity of your students' backgrounds and experiences? Please provide specific examples of strategies that can be applied to promote cultural understanding and inclusivity in the classroom.

III. Question Design (每小題10分，共20分) The following passage is a news article.(1) Summarize the passage in around 250 words.(2) Based on your summary, design five cloze test questions suitable for high school twelfth graders.Provide answers to the questions.       Changes are coming to TikTok accounts held by young people.        Soon every account held by a user under the age of 18 will have a 60-minute daily screen time limit, TikTok said. However, users can choose to keep watching. The changes arrive during a period in which there are growing concerns among government leaders in different countries about the video-sharing app. TikTok’s security and ability to alter its algorithm to push certain posts have been questioned.       Social media algorithms work by identifying topics and content of interest to a user. The update, announced on March 1, 2023, also mirrors gaming rules for minors in China, where TikTok’s parent company ByteDance was formerly based. It has relocated to Singapore.       In 2021, Chinese authorities issued new rules limiting the amount of time that minors could play online games. Young people in China may play only an hour a day and only on Fridays, weekends and public holidays. The rules are part of an effort to curb addiction to Internet activities.        In the United States, families have struggled with limiting the amount of time their children spend on the Chinese-owned app. About two-thirds of American teens use TikTok, says the Pew Research Center. It’s an organization that informs the public about trends and attitudes.        Cormac Keenan is head of trust and safety at TikTok. He said in a blog post on March 1 that when the 60-minute limit is reached, minors will be prompted to enter a passcode. They will be asked to make an “active decision” to keep watching. For accounts on which the user is under the age of 13, a parent or guardian will have to set or enter an existing passcode to allow more time. That will give 30 minutes of extra viewing time after the initial 60-minute limit is reached.        TikTok said it came up with the 60-minute mark by consulting academic research. The company also said it checked with experts from the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital in Massachusetts.        There have long been concerns about what minors are exposed to on social media and the possible harm it might do. A report released late last year suggested that TikTok’s algorithms are promoting videos harmful to vulnerable teens. Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company, Meta, has faced similar accusations.         Algorithms on social media are a way of sorting posts. They predict what users will want to see based on their interests. Then the user is sent more of the same, as a way to keep the person on the site. However, social media critics say it’s not that straightforward. The same algorithms that promote content about a sports team, hobby or dance craze can send users down a hole of harmful content, they say.       TikTok also said on March 1 that it will begin asking teens to set their own daily screen time limit. That would be for users who opt out of the 60-minute setting. The company will send weekly inbox notifications to teen accounts with a screen time recap.       The app has already been using some safety features for teen accounts. Accounts start out as set to private for those between the ages of 13 and 15. Additionally, direct messaging is available only to those accounts with a user who is 16 or older.       TikTok announced a number of changes for all users. Those include the ability to set customized screen time limits for each day of the week and allowing users to set a schedule to mute notifications.       The company is launching a sleep reminder to help people plan when they want to be offline at night. For the sleep feature, users will be able to set an end time. When the time arrives, a pop-up will remind the user that it’s time to log off.       Concerns about the app go beyond its use by minors. Around the world, there is growing concern about the app’s security. In the United States, leaders warn that ByteDance could give user data to the Chinese government or push misinformation. The European Parliament, the European Commission and the Council of the European Union have banned TikTok from being installed on official devices.       That follows similar actions taken by the U.S. government, Congress and more than half of the 50 U.S. states. Canada has also banned TikTok from government devices.       Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives are pushing a bill to give President Joe Biden the ability to ban the app nationwide. A possible ban has faced opposition from some organizations that argue it would violate rights protected by law. The legislation passed a committee in Congress on March 1. The bill must still be voted on in the full House and Senate.

3. In recent years, many senior high schools in Taiwan have actively promoted bilingual education and international education in response to globalization and national education policies. As a senior high school English teacher, how would you support the implementation of bilingual education and international education in your school? In your essay, please address the following: (1) your understanding of the goals of bilingual education and international education in the senior high school context; (2) the specific roles an English teacher can play in supporting these school initiatives; (3) one or two concrete classroom activities, school-based projects, or collaborative programs you would design with subject teachers or administrative teams; (4) how such activities would help students develop both English proficiency and global competence; and (5) the assessment methods or indicators you would use to evaluate student learning and the effectiveness of the program. Please provide specific examples to illustrate your ideas. Your essay should be approximately 300–400 words.

2. As an English teacher assigned to an AI experimental class, how would you design and implement English instruction that supports interdisciplinary learning and collaboration with teachers from other subject areas? Furthermore, how would you incorporate digital tools and AI technologies into your teaching to enhance both teaching effectiveness and student learning outcomes? In your essay, please address the following: (1) the role of English in an AI experimental program; (2) the learning objectives you would set for students; (3) one possible interdisciplinary unit, project, or lesson sequence you would design in collaboration with teachers from other subject areas; (4) how you would use digital tools and AI technologies to support reading, writing, discussion, presentation, or project work; and (5) the assessment methods you would use to evaluate both students’ English performance and interdisciplinary learning outcomes. Please provide at least one concrete example and explain how your design fits the needs of an AI experimental class. Your essay should be approximately 300–400 words.

III. Essay Questions 1. In a community-based senior high school, students often demonstrate a wide range of English proficiency levels, and a considerable number of low-achieving students may lack confidence and motivation in learning English. In addition, the school places increasing emphasis on diversified curricula, project-based learning, and the development of practical English skills to prepare students for multiple post-secondary pathways. As a senior high school English teacher in such a context, how would you enhance the learning motivation of low-achieving students while at the same time implementing differentiated instruction in a mixed-ability classroom? In your essay, please address the following: (1) your understanding of students’ learning needs and difficulties; (2) the teaching objectives you would set; (3) specific instructional strategies and classroom activities you would use; (4) how you would adapt tasks, materials, or support for students at different proficiency levels; and (5) the assessment methods you would adopt to monitor student progress and adjust your instruction. Please include at least one concrete classroom example and explain the educational theories or principles that support your approach. Your essay should be approximately 300–400 words.

II. Reading-Comprehension & Mixed-Type Questions Design (20%) Based on the passage provided, please design five reading comprehension questions based on the passage aligned with the format of the GSAT questions. At least three different question types must be included (e.g., multiple-choice, matching, sequencing, or graphic organizer completion) Provide the correct answer for each question and briefly indicate what each question is intended to assess (e.g., main idea, detail, inference, vocabulary in context, or text organization). Passage By the year 2050, the global population is projected to reach nearly 10 billion. This demographic explosion presents a daunting challenge: how to feed billions more people without destroying the planet’s remaining ecosystems. Currently, traditional agriculture consumes 70% of the world’s freshwater and is a leading cause of deforestation. In response to this environmental predicament, a radical innovation has emerged—vertical farming. This method involves growing crops in stacked layers, often integrated into urban structures such as skyscrapers or repurposed shipping containers. The core of vertical farming lies in Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) technology. Unlike traditional farming, which is at the mercy of unpredictable weather patterns and seasonal changes, vertical farms operate under highly regulated conditions. Artificial LED lights provide the exact spectrum needed for photosynthesis, while sophisticated sensors monitor temperature, humidity, and nutrient levels. Because the environment is sealed, the need for chemical pesticides is virtually eliminated. Furthermore, many vertical farms utilize hydroponic or aeroponic systems, which can reduce water consumption by up to 95% compared to conventional soil-based farming. Proponents of vertical farming also highlight its potential to revolutionize food logistics. Most traditional produce travels thousands of miles from rural farms to urban dinner tables, contributing to a significant carbon footprint and food spoilage. By bringing the farm into the heart of the city, vertical farming ensures that vegetables reach consumers within hours of harvest, maximizing both freshness and nutritional value. This “hyper-local” production model could be the key to enhancing food security in densely populated metropolitan areas. However, the path to a vertical future is not without its hurdles. The most significant drawback is the staggering amount of energy required to power the artificial lighting and climate control systems 24/7. While solar and wind power offer potential solutions, the current reliance on fossil fuels in many regions can make the carbon footprint of vertical farming higher than that of traditional methods. Additionally, the initial capital investment for infrastructure and technology is immense, making it difficult for small-scale farmers to compete. Furthermore, vertical farming is currently limited to high-value leafy greens and herbs; staple crops like wheat and rice, which provide the bulk of global calories, are not yet economically viable to grow upward. Ultimately, vertical farming may not replace traditional agriculture entirely, but it represents a crucial tool in our quest for sustainability. As technology advances and energy costs decrease, these urban towers of green may soon become a common sight in the cityscapes of tomorrow.

3. In the General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT), reading comprehension items assess students’ ability to integrate and apply knowledge of vocabulary (including idiomatic expressions), semantics, grammar, pragmatics, and discourse structure. Students are expected to understand the overall meaning of a text, identify key information, and engage in higher-order thinking skills such as analysis, comparison, and inference. Based on the following original text, design four reading comprehension questions with answer choices. Each question should assess a different skill, strategy, or learning performance. (20 分)        Many women today feel constantly exhausted, yet the source of that fatigue is not always obvious. It is often linked to what researchers describe as the “mental load” — the invisible work of planning, organising, and anticipating everyday needs. Unlike physical tasks, this kind of effort is continuous and often goes unnoticed, making it particularly draining over time.        This mental load is not a single burden but a combination of different types of responsibility. It includes keeping track of schedules, managing household logistics, remembering important details, and monitoring the emotional needs of others. Much of this work happens in the background, requiring constant attention even during moments that appear to be restful. As a result, many women feel as though their minds are always “on,” with little opportunity to fully switch off.        What makes the situation more complex is that this effort is often shaped by social expectations. Women are frequently expected to take on the role of organiser, caregiver, and emotional anchor, even when they are equally involved in paid work. Over time, this imbalance can lead to stress, frustration, and a sense of being overwhelmed. Because much of this work is invisible, it is rarely acknowledged or shared equally, which can deepen feelings of exhaustion.        At the same time, there is growing awareness of how this hidden workload affects well-being. Rather than focusing solely on doing more, many experts suggest the need to rethink how responsibilities are distributed and recognised. Making the invisible visible — by naming, sharing, and valuing this type of labour — may be an important step toward reducing its impact. In this sense, addressing the mental load is not just about fairness, but about creating more sustainable and balanced ways of living.

2.Essay questions:            The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in language teaching and learning has gained significant momentum in recent years. In a 250-word essay, elaborate on your pedagogical approach to incorporating AI into your English courses. Discuss the specific AI tools with which you are familiar and how you intend to utilize these resources to enhance students’ productive language skills, particularly speaking and writing, as well as fostering critical thinking and creativity. Additionally, outline strategies for designing assignments that discourage students from submitting AI-generated content, ensuring that their submissions are a true reflection of their individual learning progress.

貳、非選擇題1.請用英文書寫一門高中英文科多元選修課程，以「嘉義學英語導覽」為主題，設計為期一學期(18 週)的課程。課程內容須包含課程名稱、設計理 念、學習目標、每週教學內容(18 週課程大綱)、教學方法，以及形成性與總結性評量方式，並說明如何培養學生之英語溝通能力與在地文化素養。

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