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四、請針對以下火羽在溫度層化環境下(Plumes in Temperature - StratifiedAmbients)的描述,解讀附圖的物理現象。火災科學 1原文:When a buoyant, turbulent plume rises, it cools by entrainment ofambient air. If the ambient air increases in temperature with height, which isnormal in buildings, and the fire source is weak, the temperature differencebetween the plume and the ambient, which gives the plume buoyancy, mayvanish and actually reverse in sign. Eventually the plume ceases to rise.Figure: Theoretical behavior of centerline plume variables in linearlytemperature-stratified ambients. Curve A: ratio of temperature rises (stratifiedversus unstratified), Curve B: ratio of axial velocities. Curve C: ratio of plumeradii. Curve D: ratio of volumetric species concentrations. Where z: heightabove top of combustible (m) and Zm: maximum vertical penetration of plumefluid in stratified ambient (m)火災科學 2

三、請以史帝芬-波茲曼(Stefan-Boltzmann)公式,說明幅射熱熱傳特性(10 分),並針對設備測試、系統功能及性能設計方面,提出 3 種在防火工程(Fire Safety Engineering)上的運用情境(15 分)。

二、A sinusoidal voltage \( E \sin \omega t \), where \( t \) is time, is passed through a half-wave rectifier that clips the negative portion of the wave. Find the Fourier series of the resulting period function. \[ u(t) = \begin{cases} 0 & \text{if } -L < t < 0 \\ E \sin \omega t & \text{if } 0 < t < L \end{cases} \quad p = 2L = \frac{2\pi}{\omega} \]

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18.《高級中等學校訂定學生服裝儀容規定之原則》提及,學生的服裝儀容於重要活動應遵守學校統一規定,學校對於違反規定者,得視情節,採取適當且合乎比例原則之輔導或管教措施,並不得加以處罰。實際上,為達班級凝聚之目的,同儕會相互約束統一服儀。上述情境最符合涂爾幹(E. Durkheim)的哪一個理論觀點? (A)道德規範 (B)社會正義 (C)權力展演 (D)社會認同

20.某天聽覺障礙的女學生向導師反映,在下課時間,隔壁班的男生經過她身邊時藉機摸她的胸部,讓她感覺非常不舒服。導師立即告知學務處,學校也依規定在 24 小時內向主管機關通報。此乃依循下列哪一種法規進行通報? (A)性騷擾防治法 (B)特殊教育法 (C)學生輔導法 (D)性別平等教育法

24.某日學生在教室爭吵打架,導師馬上積極介入且認為已妥善處理,豈料班上的學生紛紛轉學,隨之,社會輿論沸騰,嚴重影響學校聲譽。此一現象最符合混沌理論的哪一種特性? (A)蝴蝶效應(butterfly effect) (B)奇特吸引子(strange attractor) (C)耗散結構(dissipative structure) (D)回饋機制(feedback mechanism)

23. 下列有關兒童氣喘的描述何者正確? (A) 正常尖峰吐氣流速計的早上峰數值會高於下午的檢測值 (B) 幼兒一年發生四次以上的急性細支管炎需考慮兒童氣喘的可能 (C) 目前只有十二歲以上的嚴重兒童氣喘病患在治療上可使用生物制劑 (D) 兒童氣喘治療經常會使用壓力定量設計的吸入藥(pMDI)並以面罩吸藥輔助器 (spacer)協助。醫囑 2puff twice/daily (2pff bid) 執行的正確方式為連續按壓二次並延長 吸吐時間至一分鐘

8. Suppose Harry, Darby, and Jake are the only demanders of sandwiches. Also suppose the following: (1) \( x = 2 \); (2) the current price of a sandwich is $3.00; (3) the market quantity supplied of sandwiches is 4; (4) the slope of the inverse supply curve is 2. Then there is currently a (A) shortage of 6 sandwiches, and the equilibrium price of a sandwich is less than $3.00. (B) shortage of 6 sandwiches, and the equilibrium price of a sandwich is $5.00. (C) surplus of 6 sandwiches, and the equilibrium price of a sandwich is less than $3.00. (D) surplus of 6 sandwiches, and the equilibrium price of a sandwich is $5.00.