nonsymbolic forms of communication including: gester、tone of voice, influection, facial expression, body language, and actual items. 非符號溝通包含姿勢、語氣、音調、臉部表情、肢體語言以及實際物品(球、相片) symbolic forms of communication including: speech, written language, manual sign languages or systems, and specially labeled pictures or parts of items. 符號溝通系統包含語言符號、文字符號、手語系統、特殊標示的圖片或部件.(例如:打勾記號代表nike商標、好、yes) ..