109年 - 109 輔仁大學_碩士班招生考試_誇文化研究所語言學碩士班語言學組：中英翻譯#105712

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆中英翻譯 | 年份：109年 | 選擇題數：0 | 申論題數：4

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所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆中英翻譯

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1. Many theories of argument structure have assumed some version of what is called here the SEMANTIC DETERMINIST HYPOTHESIS (henceforth SDH), which takes the licensing of a verb's arguments to be a function of its SEMANTIC properties and which therefore eliminates explicit SYNTACTIC representation of those arguments in lexical entries. One version of the SDH uses 'predicate decompositions' or 'event schemata', which have been claimed to overcome the shortcomings of 'role'-based theories. Pinker (1989) applies such an approach to the problem of 'syntactic alternations' in English, which includes the ditransitive, manifested by give and related verbs.

Nisbet, T. (2019) Meaning, metaphor, and argument structure. Journal of Linguistics. 2019. 1-34,

2. All comprehensible discourse (narratives, natural dialogues, etc.) is a structured entity which contains a coherent, and thereby interpretable structure of referential expressions. These traverse the text as a network of referential chains. Many entities (individuals, objects, abstract notions) referred to in a text are newly introduced at some point and then taken up again, forming a referential chain.... While referential chains describe a property of text structure, topics describe a property of common ground (CG) management and bring in the speaker/hearer perspective, which is particularly important to dialogue.

Adli, A. (2019) Topic chains in dialogues. Journal of Pragmaics. 154:39-62.

3.所「新名詞」和「新話語」的「新」,本質上是一個歷史概念,從時間上來說,「新名詞」的新是相對於七十年代及更前溯的六十年代和五十年代而言的。而「新話語」的「新」則是相對於八十年代以及之前的七十年代、六十年代和五十年代而言的。80 年代,改革開放進一步大和深人特別是思想解放運動,它為大規模地創新、探索、學習西方掃清了道路上的障礙,思想解放作為種自上而下的政治運動,它實際上為擺脫過去的意識形態的束縛、突破過去的政治禁區給予了思想上的保障。

高玉(2013)言、文化與文學研究論集,北:秀威資訊科技,296頁。

4.在認知人類學的發展初期,成分分析(componentialanalysis)最引人注目的方法,這種採借自結構語言學的分析方式,也廣為台灣的人類學研習者所熟悉,然而,筆者試圖在這篇文章中指出,1970 年代中期以後,認知人類學另有一些重要的發展這樣的發展,不但與心理學語言學乃至人工智慧的發展有密切的關連,事實上目前認知人類學的旨趣與課題,也和成分分析的時代迎然不同。筆者認為,認知人類學晚期著重的理論-尤其是基模論(schematheory與聯結論(connectionism)--對人類的思考方式以及我們據以做研究的文化概念,都有相當的啟發性。

黃宣衛(1998)語言是文化的本質嗎?--從認知人類學的發展談起》,＜台大考古人類學刊》,第53期,81-10頁。