110年 - 110 國立清華大學碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院/部分組別:生物化學#104965

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學 | 年份：110年 | 選擇題數：30 | 申論題數：4

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學

選擇題 (30)

1.Secondary and higher orders of structure are determined by all EXCEPT: (A) hydrophobic interactions, (B) ionic bonds, (C) peptide bonds, (D) hydrogen bonds, (E) van der Waals forces.

2. Tertiary structure is defined as: (A) the folding of a single polypeptide chain in three-dimensional space, (B) the sequence of amino acids, (C) hydrogen bonding interactions between adjacent amino acid residues into helical or pleated segments, (D) the way in which separate folded monomeric protein subunits associate to form oligomeric proteins, (E) all are true.

3. A protein contains two short polypeptide chains linked by three interstrand disulfide bonds. The most logical order to perform sequencing of this protein would be: a: The peptides are reduced with mercaptoethanol. b: The peptides are sequenced using Edman chemistry. c: The peptides are separated by chromatography techniques. d: The peptides are alkylated with iodoacetamide. (A) c, a, d, b, (B) c, d, b, c, (C) a, b, c, d, (D) a, c, d, b, (E) a, d, c, b.

4.__________is specific in hydrolyzing peptide bonds where the carboxyl function is contributed by a lysine or an arginine residue. (A) CNBr, (B) carboxypcptidase, (C) trypsin, (D) chymotrypsin, (E) none of the above.

5. A protein's particular conformation is described below EXCEPT: (A) the overall three-dimensional structure of the protein, (B) achieved by breaking and reforming hydrogen bonds, (C) achieved by rotations about each single bond along the peptide backbone, (D) the result of amino acid side-chain interactions, (E) none, all are true.

6. NADPH generally can be obtained from (A) glycolysis, (B) TCA cycle, (C) pentose phosphate pathway, (D) fatty acid oxidation, (E) gluconeogenesis.

7. Cytochrome c oxidase is NOT able to inhibit by (A) cyanide, (B) quercetin, (C) sodium azide, (D) carbon monoxide, (E) sulfide.

8. The active site of oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II contains a metal cluster that consists of__________ manganese ions. (A)1, (B) 2, (C) 4, (D) 5, (E) 6.

9. Chromatin is about__________DNA/__________protein by weight (A) 70%, 30%, (B) 60%, 40%, (C) 50%, 50%, (D) 40% , 60% (E)30% ,70%

10. What would be the 7-residue primer used to amplify: 5'-ATTACATAGCATAAGGCAT-3' (A) 5'-TAGCTGC-3' (B) 5'-AAGCCTT-3' (C) 5'-UAGCUGC-3' (D) 5'-ATGCCUU-3' (E) 5'-TGCGATG-3'

11. Formation of the ES complex results in (A) entropy gain, (B) enthalpy gain, (C) enthalpy loss, (D) entropy loss, (E) none of the above.

12. Ribose is mainly produced by_________in cells. (A) glycolysis pathway, (B) pentose phosphate pathway, (C) citric acid pathway, (D) oxidative phosphorylation, (E) none of the above.

13. To synthesis one molecule of palmitate from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, how many electrons are involved in this anabolic process? (A) 2 x6=12, (B) 2 x7=14, (C) 4x7=28, (D) 4x6=24, (E) none of the above. in cells.

14. Based on the molecular structures of various membrane phospholipids. Which statement regarding charge character is correct? (A) PC, PE positive, PS, PI neutral in charge, (B) PC positive, PE negative, PS, PI neutral in charge, (C) PC, PE negative, PS, PI neutral in charge, (D) PC, PE neutral, PS, PI negative in charge, (E) none of the above.

15. What is the overall net charge of the peptide sequence Arg-Gly-Ser-Lys-Glu-Asp at pH 7.0? (A) +2, (B) +1, (C) 0, (D)-2, (E) -1.

16. A Ramachandran plot shows: (A) the amino acid residues which have the greatest degree of rotational freedom, (B) the sterically allowed rotational angles between R groups and alpha-carbons in a peptide, (C) the sterically allowed rotational angles about the amide nitrogen (NH) and CO, (D) the amino acid residues that form alpha-helix, beta-sheet, (E) none of the above.

17. Which amino acid acts as a helix breaker due to its unique structure? (A) glycine, (B) tyrosine, (C) arginine, (D) serine, (E) proline.

18. All of the following play asa feedback inhibitor of glutamine synthetase EXCEPT? (A) AMP, (B) glucosamine-6-phosphate, (C) proline, (D) histidine, (E) CTP.

19. All of the following are characteristics of phenylketonuria EXCEPT? (A) untreated patients suffer severe mental retardation, (B) air oxidation causes urine to turn dark on standing, (C) treated by putting patient on a diet low in phenylalanine, (D) excretion of phenylpyruvate, (E) deficiency or defect in phenylalanine hydroxylase.

20. All are characteristics of xanthine oxidase EXCEPT? (A) present in large amounts in liver, intestinal mucosa and milk, (B) uses molecular oxygen and produces H₂O₂, (C) involved in direct production of urea, (D) possesses an electron-transport chain with FAD, Fe-S cluster and molybdenum cofactor (E) all are true.

21. Which of the following is the mechanism of action of 5-fluorouracil? (A) competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, (B) non-competitive inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase, (C) competitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, (D) suicide substrate for thymidylate synthase, (E) none of the above.

22. Which of the following equipment is not essential for current proteomics study? (A) surface plasma resonance, (B) isoelectric focusing electrophoresis, (C) liquid chromatograph, (D) SDS-PAGE, (E) mass spectrometry.

23. Which one is the most sensitive strategy to detect proteins in gel? (A) coomassie blue stain, (B) silver stain, (C) fluorescent stain, (D) colloidal coomassie blue stain, (E) almost the same in sensitivity.

24. In the electron transport system of mitochondria, the hydrophobic mobile carrier of electron (A) cytochrome a, (B) cytochrome c, (C) FAD, (D) ubiquinone, (E) cytochrome b.

25. Succinyl-CoA within TCA cycle provides most of the carbon atoms in the biosynthesis of _. (A) porphyrins, (B) fatty acids, (C) steroids, (D) cysteine, (E) lysine.

26. Insulin carries a cellular responsibility to reduce blood glucose as well as________. (A) stimulates gluconeogenesis, (B) inhibits glycolysis, (C) stimulates glycogen synthesis in muscle and liver, (D) stimulates glycogen breakdown in liver, (E) inhibits phosphoprotein phosphatase-1.

27. Ethanol metabolism in liver is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT: (A) decreased pH levels due to lactic acidosis, (B) decreased NADH/NAD+ ratio in the cell, (C) decreased gluconeogenesis activity resulting in hypoglycemia, (D) two oxidation steps to convert ethanol to acetate, both reactions produce NADH, (E) increased acetaldehyde-protein adducts impairing protein function.

28. Fatty acids are released from adipocytes when: (A) insulin levels are high, (B) glycerol-3-phosphate levels are high, (C) blood glucose levels are low adiposc ATP levels are high, (D) adipose ATP levels are high, (E) none are true.

29. All of the following are fuels for contracting muscles during anaerobic metabolism EXCEPT: (A) ATP, (B) palmitic acid, (C) glycogen, (D) glucose, (E) creatine phosphate.

30. Herbicides (e.g., "Roundup") inhibit biosynthesis of 'essential" amino acids because animals do not have enzymes of: (A) photosynthesis, (B) glyoxylate cycle, (C) glutamine synthesis pathway, (D) Phe, Val, Leu, Ile and His biosynthetic pathways, (E) none of above.

申論題 (4)

Part2問答題(每十分,共四十分請在【答案卷】務必依序作答)

1. Please explain the process of how human body synthesize Oleic acid, C18:1, A9. Please include the steps of lipid elongation process, Acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA, NADPH and 09 desaturase in your explanation.

2. Please explain under which condition, lactate would be formed in muscle and how the lactate in muscle can be recycled to glucose in the liver. Please explain your answer based on [NADP] and [NAD+ in muscles and liver.

3. Monosaccharides can have many stereoisomers. (A) How many stereoisomers are possible for the ketopentose?(B) How many L-stercoisomers can the aldopentose have?

4. Positive-inside rule is used to facilitate the determination of membrane protein's orientation. (A) Please explain what the positive-inside rule is? (B) What feature of the plasma membrane leads to this rule?