阿摩線上測驗 登入

111年 - 111 國立清華大學碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院丁組(醫學生物科技學程)：生物化學#118661

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學 | 年份：111年 | 選擇題數：21 | 申論題數：13

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學

選擇題 (21)

1. Which lipid is NOT the major component of biological membranes? (A) cholesterol, (B) phosphatidylcholine, (C) arachidonic acid, (D) choline sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine.
2. What biomolecule defines human blood types O, A, B, and AB? (A) IgG, (B) Cell surface glycans, (C) Cell surface lipids, (D) mRNA,(E) Extracellular matrix proteins.

3. Which of the following molecule is the building block of DNA? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)
4. Which of the following statements about membrane transport is CORRECT? (A) Charged molecules can pass through the membrane spontaneously, (B) Active transport absolutely requires ATP hydrolysis, (C) Conformational changes are not required for active transporters, (D) The directionality of transport is determined by the structure of channel proteins, (E) Facilitated diffusion can be saturated by substrates.
5. Which of the following statement about glycosaminoglycans is INCORRECT? (A) They are branched polysaccharides, (B) They are components of proteoglycans, (C) They tend to be negatively charged, (D) They can be found in tendons, cartilage, and other connective tissue, (E) They are components of extracellular matrix.
6. Which of the following descriptions about defective urea cycle is wrong? (A) The level of ammonia in the blood will decline, causing hypoammonemia, (B) Ammonia can enter the brain, inhibiting the TCA cycle and resulting in brain dysfunction, (C) this problem may arise because of damage to the liver, (D) this problem can be caused by mutations in carbamoy1 phosphate synthetase, (E) none of the above. LINE
7. Which of the following descriptions about photorespiration is wrong? (A) It occurs when O2 is used in the Calvin-Benson cycle instead of CO2, (B) C3 plants have higher risk of photorespiration than C4 plants, (C) C4 plants use PEP-carboxylase for initial CO2 fixation, (D) peroxisomes serve important organelles in photorespiration by the conversion of glycine to serine, CO2, and NH3, (E) none of the above.
8. Which of the following descriptions about photosynthesis is wrong? (A) In cyclic photophosphorylation, electrons are removed from water and passed through PSII and PSI before ending up in NADPH, (B) the electron transfers of the light-dependent reactions are driven by the absorption of energy from light, (C) the antenna complex is an array of protein and chlorophyll molecules embedded in the thylakoid membrane, (D) the pigment molecules collect energy and transfer it towards the reaction center, (E) none of the above.
9. Which of the following descriptions about ATP synthases is wrong? (A) They can be found in mitochondria, chloroplast and plasma membrane, (B) they account for the irreversible catalysis of ATP to ADP and Pi, (C) they can be classified as F-, V-, A-, or P-ATPases based on their functional differences, (D) the pH gradient acts as a 'battery' to store the electrochemical energy for ATP production, (E) none of the above.
10. Which of the following descriptions about starch synthesis is wrong? (A) Starch consists of the two glucose polymers, amylopectin and amylose, (B) starch is synthesized in the plastids, (C) the synthesis of ADP-glucose is often regarded as the "committed step" of starch synthesis, (D) starch is a non-structural carbohydrate, composed of glucose polymers linked by B- (1,4)-glycosidic bonds, (E) none of the above.
11. What would be a result of a high [Gln]/[a-KG] ratio? (A) Increase in deadenylation of glutamine synthetase, (B) An increase in activity of glutamine synthetase, (C) An increase in the degree of adenylation of glutamine synthetase, (D) Inhibition of AT:PIIA and stimulation of AT:PIID, (E) A need for ammonium fixation by glutamine synthetase.
12. _______is an intermediate in biosynthesis of ornithine and a regulator of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase-I. (A) Y-Glutamyl-phosphate, (B) a-Ketoglutarate, (C) N-Acetylglutamate, (D) Glutamine, (E) Glutamine-5-phosphate.
13. Elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood is related to all EXCEPT: (A) homocysteinuria at very high levels, (B) folic acid deficiency, (C) folic acid-dependent conversion of homocysteine to methionine, (D) higher risk of heart attack and stroke, (E) all of the above are correct.
14. All are substrates of carbamoy| phosphate synthetase II (CPS-II) EXCEPT: (A) H2O, (B) NH4+, (C) HCO3-, (D) glutamine, (E) ATP.
15. Thymine nucleotides are not synthesized directly by cells but indirectly from other pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides. All of the following statements regarding thymine nucleotide synthesis are true EXCEPT: (A) dUMP is the immediate precursor for dTMP, (B) The action of dUTPase allows dUTP to serve as a substrate in DNA synthesis, (C) Thymidylate synthase catalyzes the formation of dTMP from dUMP, (D) The methyl donor in the reaction of dTMP is N5, N10-methylene-THE, (E) THF is used as a cofactor.
16. Which enzymes of the TCA cycle catalyze oxidative decarboxylation reactions? (A) isocitrate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, (B) fumarase and succinate dehydrogenase, (C) a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase, (D) malate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase, (E) aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase.
17. Complex I and Complex II produce a common product which is: (A) NAD+, (B) FAD, (C) reduced cyt c, (D) reduced coenzyme Q, (E) reduced O2.
18. What is another name for complex III: (A) cytochrome c oxidase, (B) UQ-cytochrome c reductase, (C) succinate-UQ reductase, (D) NADH-UQ reductase, (E) cytochrome bcl complex.
19. _____are all derived from 20-carbon fatty acids that are acylated to membrane phospholipids and released by the enzyme _____. (A) Eicosanoids； phospholipase A2, (B) Arachidonates； phospholipase A1, (C) Eicosanoids； phospholipase A1, (D) Arachidonates； triacylglycerol lipase, (E) Arachidonates； phospholipase A2.
20. Lipoproteins consist of a core of______ and______ surrounded by a single layer of______， into which is inserted ______and______ (A) proteins； triacylglycerols； cholesterol esters； phospholipids； cholesterol, (B) triacylglycerols； cholesterol； proteins； cholesterol esters； phospholipids, (C) phospholipids； cholesterol esters； triacylglycerols； proteins； cholesterol, (D) cholesterol esters； proteins； cholesterol； phospholipids； triacylglycerols, (E) triacylglycerols； cholesterol esters； phospholipids； proteins； cholesterol.
複選題
5. What are the major fuel depots in following organs:(10%) (A) liver (B) adipose tissue (C) skeletal muscle (in rest) (D) heart muscle (E) brain?

申論題 (13)

1. Which two amino acids are linked to sugar in O-linked glycoproteins? (8%)
(a) Based on this plot, what type of enzyme inhibitor is this?
(b) Does the Vmax change in the presence of inhibitor?
(c) Where is the inhibitor binding site? (12%)
3. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the core autotrophic carboxylase in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Rubisco activase (Rca) adjusts the rate of CO2 fixation to the rates of electron transport activity via the reactivation of inhibited Rubisco. Please elaborate how different factors (e.g., ribulose-1,5- bisphosphate, CO2, Mg2+, and ATP) participate in the process before or after reactivation of Rubisco mediated by Rca? (10%)
4. What is chlorophyll fluorescence (5%)? What are applications of chlorophyll fluorescence (5 %)?
6. Illustrate the key points of regulation in the biosynthesis of (a) IMP, (b) AMP & (c) GMP (d) E.coli pyrimidine biosynthesis (e) mammalian pyrimidine biosynthesis? (10%)
(a) increasing the concentration of tissue fructose-1, 6-biphosphate
(b) increasing the concentration of tissue Acetyl-CoA
(c) increasing the concentration of tissue AMP
(d) increasing the concentration of citrate
(e) increasing the concentration of blood insulin

8. The following table records the fatty acid composition ofE. coli cultured in different temperatures. From the table, please explain why E. coli need change its fatty acid composition upon the temperature change. (10%)
65b0c167c5a77.jpg