V. Examination Questions Design
Please design a multiple-choice cloze test based on the following text for 12th graders. Circle five words that you would choose from the text and prepare three other options of choice for each item. Explain the rationale of your design for each of the items.
Demand for meat is increasing as the global population marches past 8 billion and the middle class expands in countries like China. But there’s a problem: Meeting that demand could jeopardize hopes of keeping global warming in check.
The livestock industry accounts for nearly 15% of man-made greenhouse gas emissions, according to the United Nations. The estimated 7.1 gigatons of emissions the sector churns out per year is greater than 2019 emissions from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany combined. Razing trees for livestock grazing is also behind almost 40% of global forest loss.
Solutions include encouraging people to eat less meat, especially in wealthy countries, or pushing plant-based alternatives like Beyond Meat or Impossible burgers. But changing behaviors is hard, and critics quibble about the taste of non-meat ingredients like pea protein. The cultivated meat industry thinks its technology provides a better option.
“The promise of cultivated meat [is] to bring forth a taste and texture component, and to deliver sustainability,” said Gautam Godhwani, managing partner at Good Startup, a Singapore-based venture capital firm that has invested in eight cultivated meat startups. “People want to eat the food they grew up eating.”
The way it works is fairly straightforward. Using a biopsy from an animal about the size of a dice, scientists isolate high-quality cells from different parts of the tissue. They then feed the cells with nutrients so they can grow efficiently under controlled conditions. Finally, they’re put in steel bioreactors, where they grow until they’re ready to be harvested and made into, say, meatballs.
Proponents say the final product is much cleaner than what’s currently available on supermarket shelves. -- By Julia Horowitz, CNN
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