阿摩線上測驗
2.下列何者可用coconut oil為溶媒，配製為懸浮劑，以增加藥品的安定性？
(A)tetracycline hydrochloride
(B)ampicillin
(C)chloramphenicol
(D)kaolin
統計： A(2623), B(365), C(1833), D(859), E(0) #2039039
詳解 (共 9 筆)
Tetracycline hydrochloride 遇水不安定，可用coconut oil (椰子油) 為溶媒，配置為懸浮液，以增加藥品的安定性。
109-2考了Tetracycline會有異構化(Epimerization)的問題
###問題:
| 環境 | 在 pH>=3 的環境下 | 室溫(RT)下 |
| 安定性問題 | Tetracycline異構化速率最快。 | Tetracycline 會在 24 小時內損失 8-12%的藥效。 |
###解決方式:如何增加Tetracycline安定性
| 項次 | 方法 | 說明 |
| 1 | 加入 Citric acid，並加入過量的 4-epitetracycline HCl。 | 調整至pH= 4~7，此時 Tetracycline會不溶解而形成懸浮液 suspension，具有較好安定性。 |
| 2 | 以Coconut oil為溶媒，配製為懸浮劑。 |
###109-2考題
3.將tetracycline溶於pH＞3之溶液中時，最可能產生下列何種incompatibility，使tetracycline之抗菌活性降低？
(A)decarboxylation
(B)epimerization
(C)hydrolysis
(D)racemization
專技 - 調劑學與臨床藥學- 109 年 - 109-2 專技高考_藥師(二)：調劑學與臨床藥學#89130
Pharmaceutical Practice 5ed Ch34 Suspensions p324
（A）Drugs which degrade in aqueous solution may be suspended in a non-aqueous phase, e.g. tetracycline has been suspended in a fractionated coconut oil for ophthalmic use
（B）Drug is unstable when in contact with the vehicle. For example, ampicillin suspension
（D）Bulky, insoluble powders can be formulated as a suspension so that they are easier to take, e.g. kaolin, chalk and magnesium trisilicate
只能...硬背了...
(A) tetracycline hydrochloride 眼藥膏 
(B) ampicillin 乾粉劑型 使用前以注射用水溶解 並且須在期限內使用完畢
If the drug is unstable when in contact with the vehicle, suspensions should be prepared immediately prior to handing out to the patient in order to reduce the amount of time that the drug particles are in contact with the dispersion medium.
For example, in ampicillin suspension, water is added to powder or granules prior to giving out to the patient. A 14-day expiry date is given, if the product is to be kept in the fridge (臨時製劑 懸浮液保存14天)
(C) chloramphenicol 眼藥水 需冷藏
Ref: Pharmaceutical Practice 5th Edition p.323 / 長庚藥品綜合查詢
用結構猜
四個選項裡 tetracycline結構很多碳又有環
對油的安定性較高 蠻合理