12. Motor proteins require which of the following to function in the movement of chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle?
(A) intact centromeres
(B) a microtubule-organizing center
(C) ATP as an energy source
(D) synthesis of cohesin

8. A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzyme reaction by ________.(A) binding at the active site of the enzyme (B) changing the shape of the enzyme's active site (C) changing the free energy change of the reaction (D) acting as a coenzyme for the reaction

9. You have a friend who lost 7 kg of fat on a regimen of strict diet and exercise. How did the fat leave his body? (A) It was released as CO2 and H2O. (B) It was converted to heat and then released. (C) It was converted to ATP, which weighs much less than fat. (D) It was converted to urine and eliminated from the body.

10. In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle? (A) addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH (B) regeneration of ATP from ADP (C) regeneration of RuBP (D) regeneration of NADP+

11. A drug designed to inhibit the response of cells to testosterone would most likely result in  ________.(A) lower cytoplasmic levels of cAMP (B) a decrease in transcriptional activity of certain genes (C) an increase in cytosolic calcium concentration (D) a decrease in G protein activity

13. A female with a paternal set of one orange and one long gene chromosome and a maternal set comprised of one blue and one short gene chromosome is expected to produce which of the following types of eggs after meiosis? (A) All eggs will have maternal types of gene combinations. (B) All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations. (C) Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations. (D) Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations.

14. Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division? (A) prophase I of meiosis (B) anaphase II of meiosis (C) metaphase II of meiosis (D) anaphase I of meiosis

15. Cinnabar eyes is a sex-linked, recessive characteristic in fruit flies. If a female having cinnabar eyes is crossed with a wild-type male, what percentage of the F1 males will have cinnabar eyes? (A) 0% (B) 25% (C) 50% (D) 100%

16. What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? (A) It synthesizes RNA nucleotides to make a primer. (B) It joins Okazaki fragments together. (C) It unwinds the parental double helix. (D) It stabilizes the unwound parental DNA.

17. An original section of DNA has the base sequence AGCGTTACCGT. A mutation in this DNA strand results in the base sequence AGGCGTTACCGT. This change represents  ________.(A) a missense mutation (B) a point mutation (C) a silent mutation (D) frameshift mutation

18. Imagine that you've isolated a yeast mutant that contains histones resistant to acetylation. What phenotype do you predict for this mutant? (A) The mutant will grow rapidly. (B) The mutant will require galactose for growth. (C) The mutant will show low levels of gene expression. (D) The mutant will show high levels of gene expression.