16.有關周邊靜脈營養溶液與 fat emulsion 同時輸注之敘述，下列何者錯誤？
(A)可降低 osmolarity
(B)可緩衝 pH 值
(C)可改善周邊靜脈的耐受性
(D)可降低 thrombophlebitis 的風險
(E)一律給分

TPN加入Fat Emulsion可以減少靜脈炎和對靜脈的刺激，因為：

1. Lower Osmolality: The addition of fat emulsion to TPN can decrease the overall osmolality of the TPN solution. Osmolality refers to the concentration of solutes in a solution, and solutions with higher osmolality can be more irritating to blood vessels and surrounding tissues. By lowering the osmolality, the fat emulsion can make the TPN solution less irritating to the veins, reducing the risk of phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein.

2. pH Stabilization: Fat emulsions contain phospholipids that can help stabilize the pH of the TPN solution. Maintaining a stable pH can prevent the TPN solution from becoming too acidic, which could otherwise irritate the vein lining.