16. The use of went as the past tense form of the verb go and was and were as the past tense forms of be is called _____.
(A) compounding
(B) internal change
(C) suppletion
(D) reduplication

(C) suppletion異根，指詞形變化跟原本的長得不一樣，難以分辨

例如：go（三態 went, gone)

(A) compounding 複合詞 (兩個合併變一個)
(B) internal change 內部變形

「內部變形」泛指「屈折詞綴」以外的「屈折形態」(即表示語法意義的形態)，又稱
「內部屈折」(internal inflection)，而「屈折詞綴」則可以稱為「外部屈折」(external inflection)。
「內部變形」包括「音素變化」(mutation)、
「超音段變化」(suprasegmental change)、
「重疊」(reduplication)、
「減素屈折」(subtractive inflection)等類別。

(C) suppletion 異根 

在有形態變化的語言中，某些詞可能缺少某些形態項，這種現象稱為「形態不全」。
舉例說，英語動詞一般有五種形式：原形、現在時態第三人稱單數形式、過去時態、現在分詞和過去分詞。表示「去」的動詞的其中四個形式："go"、"goes"、"going"和"gone"來自同一個源頭(儘管"gone"具有不規則形式)，但其過去時態形式"went"卻顯然與上述四個形式不同源，這顯示在英語中，動詞"go"缺少了正常的過去時態形式，因而使用「異根」形式"went"頂替這個形式。

(D) reduplication 疊字

 

http://chowkafat.net/Book2/Glossary2.html

 

(A) compounding 複合物,...

suppletion from Latin supplere (“to supply”), perfect stem supplet-, + -ion. Strictly speaking, suppletion in linguistics refers only to inflection, such as good/better, which are both adjectives, and this is the most frequent use. It is also used in the looser sense of semantic relations without etymological relations (or with distant etymological relations) such as father/paternal, where these are noun/adjective.[1][2] However, this latter use is significantly less common and may be considered incorrect.

Suppletion（補缺變化） 指的...