2. What kind of neurotransmitter is used in the vertebrate neuromuscular junction?
(A) Glutamate
(B) Dopamine
(C) Acetylcholine
(D) Serotonin
(E) GABA

48. Which of the following descriptions can be inferred about the Koiwa neighborhood from paragraph 4? (A) People in the Koiwa neighborhood can connect to the Internet at a higher speed without wires when they are having their bubble tea. (B) The Koiwa neighborhood is densely populated because there are a lot of well-known bubble tea houses there. (C) Bubble tea shops in the Koiwa neighborhood provide wireless Internet access to attract social media users to check in there. (D) The newly-opened bubble tea shop becomes popular on social media because it adds a lot of fruit as well as whipped cream to its bubble tea. (E) All bubble tea shops in the Koiwa neighborhood feature bubble tea mixed with fruits and whip cream to cater to social media users.

49. Which of the following statements best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 5? (A) Gong Cha has a lot of faraway branch stores in Tokyo so high-school-aged children in Tokyo are likely to drink Gong Cha’s bubble tea. (B) Gong Cha is likely to have a lot of faraway branch stores in Kyoto because high-school-aged children there would like to drink its bubble tea. (C) High-school-aged children would like to drink Gong Cha’s bubble tea because only Gong Cha has a lot of branch stores in a distant part of Tokyo. (D) High-school-aged children in a distant part of Tokyo would like to drink Gong Cha’s bubble tea because they are likely to drink out of big red straws. (E) Gong Cha has a lot of branch stores in a distant part of Kyoto because high-school-aged children would like to drink out of big red straws.

50. To which of the positions marked [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5] does the following sentence best belong? “So maybe bubble tea isn’t something to sip on every single day, but its current popularity has resulted in an unprecedented variety of stores offering the drink in the city for the occasional indulgence” (A) [1] (B) [2] (C) [3] (D) [4] (E) [5]

1. In evolution, which academic term is defined as changes in allele frequency that can be observed within a population? (A) Microevolution (B) Speciation (C) Genetic evolution (D) Phenotypic evolution (E) Hybridization

3. Which one of the following hypothesis explains why multiple codon can code for a single amino acid? (A) Crick (B) Franklin (C) Mendelian (D) Watson (E) Wobble

4. What is the major difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria? (A) Genome size (B) Lipid composition of membrane (C) Cell wall structure (D) Protein composition (E) Cell shape

5. Which one of the following structure is not observed in eukaryotic cells? (A) Ribosome (B) Plasma membrane (C) Nuclear envelope (D) Chromosome (E) Plasmid

6. ________ are gene copies resulted from gene duplication events in the same species. (A) Twin (B) Analogs (C) Orthologs (D) Paralogs (E) Dialogs

7. Which one of the following human cell in the reproductive system is not diploid? (A) Oogonium (B) Primary oocyte (C) Spermatogonium (D) Polar body (E) Zygote

8. Which one of the following mechanism is not required for the control of eukaryotic gene expression? (A) Histone modification (B) RNA splicing (C) Operon regulation (D) Protein processing (E) DNA methylation