24.下列副交感神經藥物中,何者具有支氣管擴張作用,可用於治療慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)?
(A)tiotropium
(B)bethanechol
(C)neostigmine
(D)solifenacin
答案:登入後查看
統計: A(2728), B(515), C(121), D(47), E(0) #3283064
統計: A(2728), B(515), C(121), D(47), E(0) #3283064
詳解 (共 6 筆)
#6200634
整理氣喘跟COPD用藥
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氣喘
| 診斷 | ||
| 短效 M agonist 興奮副加感→使支氣管收縮 |
Methacholin | |
| 一、要使支氣管擴張 | ||
| PDE 4 inhibitor | Theophylline Roflumilast | (113-1-26) |
| M3-antogonist (-tropium) |
SAMA短效 Ipratropium |
|
| LAMA長效 Tiotropium(4級胺) Umeclidinium | Tiotropium 比Ipratropium 多了 thiophene、epoxy環 | |
| beta 2 agonist | SABA短效 (-bu-非口服) Albuterol=Salbutamol Terbutaline | |
| LABA長效 (-terol) Salmeterol Formoterol |
||
| 二、抗發炎 | ||
| 1. 皮質類固醇 | ||
| 2. Leukotriene modifier | ||
| 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor | Zileuton | |
| 拮抗受體 leukotriene receptor antagonist |
Zafirlukast Montelukast |
(113-1-26) |
| 3. 肥大細胞穩定劑 | →抑制肥大細胞降解 →抑制發炎物質釋放 |
→沒有直接擴張支氣管 預防氣喘 (但對已發生的氣喘無效) |
| Cromolyn | 治過敏性氣喘 | |
| Nedocromil | ||
| 4.單株抗體 | ||
| Anti IgE | Omalizumab 抑制IgE和mast cell結合 |
|
| Anti IL-5 | Mepolizumab Reslizumab Benralizumab |
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治療COPD藥物(跟氣喘很像!)
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| 要使支氣管擴張 | ||
| PDE 4 inhibitor | Theophylline Roflumilast | (113-1-26) |
| M3-antogonist (-tropium) |
SAMA短效 Ipratropium |
|
| LAMA長效 Tiotropium(4級胺) Umeclidinium | Tiotropium 比Ipratropium 多了 thiophene、epoxy環 | |
| beta 2 agonist | SABA短效 (-bu-非口服) Albuterol=Salbutamol Terbutaline | |
| LABA長效 (-terol) Salmeterol Formoterol |
||
| anti-adenosine | Methylxanthine |
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