24.關於warfarin與direct oral anticoagulant(DOAC)的比較,下列何者正確?
(A)warfarin不經肝臟代謝,經由腎臟排除
(B)warfarin的效果可能受飲食影響
(C)DOAC須監測INR並隨之調整劑量
(D)DOAC手術前須停藥至少7至14天
統計: A(19), B(1400), C(30), D(100), E(0) #3380255
詳解 (共 8 筆)
P2Y12 receptor inhibitor
術前需停藥時間 (也是半衰期長到短) :prasugrel (7天)> clopidogrel(5天) > ticagrelor(3天) > cangrelor(數小時)
跑輸7天、可樂冰5天、豬腳滷3天、罐子打開最快
Prasugrel(限用在PCI 病患)
1. 此題正確答案為 B:「warfarin 的效果可能受飲食影響」為正確敘述。
2. 選項依據與分析:
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A. warfarin 不經肝臟代謝,經由腎臟排除 ❌ 錯誤
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實際上 warfarin 是高度肝臟代謝的藥物。
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原文依據:
“Warfarin is 99% bound to plasma proteins and undergoes stereoselective metabolism via CYP 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2C8, 2C18, and 3A4 isoenzymes in the liver, with 2C9 being the main enzyme to modulate the elimination of S-warfarin.”
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B. warfarin 的效果可能受飲食影響 ✅ 正確
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維生素 K 攝取可顯著改變 warfarin 效果,需保持攝取穩定。
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原文依據:
“Vitamin K can reverse warfarin’s pharmacologic activity; many foods contain sufficient vitamin K to reduce the anticoagulation effect if consumed in large portions or repetitively within a short period of time. Patients should be instructed to maintain a relatively consistent intake of vitamin K–rich foods.”
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C. DOAC 須監測 INR 並隨之調整劑量 ❌ 錯誤
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DOAC 劑量固定,無需常規 INR 監測。
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原文依據:
“While laboratory coagulation monitoring is unnecessary during DOAC therapy, clinical surveillance is likely beneficial.”
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D. DOAC 手術前須停藥至少 7 至 14 天 ❌ 錯誤
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實際停藥時間通常為 2 天左右,依腎功能與出血風險調整。
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原文依據:
“Stopping DOACs 2 days prior to invasive procedures is usually sufficient to restore near-normal hemostasis for patients with normal renal function.”
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3. 本題考察概念:
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Warfarin 的藥動性質與飲食交互作用:
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Warfarin 主要經由 CYP2C9 代謝,維生素K的攝取對 warfarin 活性具反轉作用。
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DOAC 相較於 Warfarin 的優勢:
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固定劑量、不需 INR 監測、術前停藥時間較短。
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