31.(A) However, countries can work together to solve them.(B) Rapid advances in information and communications technology have resulted in what seems to be a much smaller world. (C) The planet is sure to face more challenges in the future. (D) To attain this goal, they cooperate in a number of ways, including exchanging information and conducting research. (E) Global cooperation is vital because many of the world’s troubles cannot be easily resolved without the help from other countries.