35.Which of the following best represents the concept of “solastalgia”?
(A) A clinical measure of environmental anxiety
(B) The physical symptoms of smoke exposure
(C) A temporary stress response to evacuation
(D) The psychological impact of witnessing environmental degradation

31.Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between wildfire smoke exposure and neurological conditions based on the research presented? (A) Neurological impacts occur only after sustained exposure over multiple fire seasons. (B) The blood-brain barrier provides effective protection against most wildfire pollutants. (C) The neurological effects are primarily mediated through respiratory impairment. (D) The PM2.5 from wildfires presents a unique risk profile compared to general air pollution.

32.Which of the following is NOT presented in the text as a pathway through which wildfire smoke particles can affect the brain? (A) Through inflammatory responses in the respiratory system (B) Through direct passage via the olfactory nerve (C) Through penetration of the blood-brain barrier (D) Through modulation of the nervous system

33.Based on the research findings, what is the most accurate characterization of the cognitive effects of wildfire smoke exposure? (A) The effects manifest only during active exposure to smoke. (B) Pre-existing cognitive conditions determine vulnerability to effects. (C) The impacts are most severe in particular age demographics. (D) Cognitive impairment shows a dose-dependent relationship with exposure.

34.Which of the following economic consequences does the passage suggest is linked to wildfire smoke exposure? (A) Healthcare costs for treating respiratory conditions (B) Property damage in affected areas (C) Reduced academic performance affecting future earnings (D) Lost productivity in the workforce

36.Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage? (A) Problems → Strategies → Disagreement (B) Potential → Problems → Solutions (C) Theory → Practice → Solutions (D) Potential → Causes → Effects

37.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a concern regarding AI implementation in healthcare? (A) The challenge of attributing responsibility for AI-related diagnostic errors (B) The potential impact on healthcare disparities (C) The need for continuous real-time AI system updates (D) The diversion of attention from fundamental healthcare challenges

38.What does the text indicate about AI’s impact on mortality rates? (A) The impact remains unproven (B) Studies show a significant reduction in mortality (C) The impact varies by medical specialty (D) Long-term studies are still ongoing

39.What does the word “synergistic” in the final paragraph most closely mean? (A) collaborative (B) sequential (C) independent (D) sophisticated

40.How does the text characterize the ideal implementation of AI in healthcare? (A) As a cost-reduction mechanism for healthcare facilities (B) As a fully automated system that minimizes human intervention (C) As a primary decision-maker in routine medical procedures (D) As a tool that supports medical professionals while preserving human elements

41.What is the primary argument in favor of incorporating humanities into medical education? (A) It helps doctors develop a deeper understanding of human emotions, ethics, and social factors in healthcare. (B) It allows medical students to replace traditional scientific training with artistic and literary studies. (C) It provides entertainment and relaxation for students during their rigorous training. (D) It ensures that all doctors become experts in philosophy, history, and literature.