114年 - 114 學士後醫學系招生考試：英文#126797

1. Although red maple is less fire tolerant than blackgum, it is much more   prolific  , faster growing in high light and highly opportunistic in response to disturbances. (A) aggressive (B) beneficial (C) perilous (D) pessimistic (E) productive

2. The company appointed an   interim   CEO to lead during the transition period until a permanent replacement was found. (A) conclusive (B) enduring (C) irrevocable (D) perpetual (E) provisional

3. The government introduced a   stringent   policy to regulate air pollution, requiring factories to follow guidelines. (A) adhesive (B) cynical (C) lenient (D) orthodox (E) rigorous

4. Although the new antiviral medication showed promising results in   initial   clinical trials, researchers emphasized the necessity of extensive peer-reviewed studies to confirm its long-term efficacy. (A) aesthetic (B) cardinal (C) manifest (D) preliminary (E) warranted

5. Following his nervous breakdown, he   withdrew   from public life and refused to give any interviews. (A) captivated (B) extracted (C) justified (D) recruited (E) secluded

6. The psychological theory was based on a   fallacious   assumption, undermining the entire argument. (A) deceptive (B) erroneous (C) fluctuated (D) inconclusive (E) inventive

7. Rather than directly accusing his rival of dishonesty, the candidate chose to subtly   insinuate   wrongdoing through vague statements. (A) assert (B) elucidate (C) imply (D) proclaim (E) substantiate

8. Due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, physicians are encouraged to prescribe antibiotics   judiciously  . (A) arbitrarily (B) haphazardly (C) indiscriminately (D) prudently (E) recklessly

9. The   astute   diplomat navigated the tense negotiations, securing a favorable agreement for her country. (A) apathetic (B) astounding (C) oblivious (D) shrewd (E) sluggish

10. Alzheimer’s disease   impairs   memory, thinking skills, and cognitive function, eventually interfering with daily activities and independent living. (A) deteriorates (B) elevates (C) fortifies (D) palpitates (E) supplants 

B. Please choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

11. No one was reported injured or killed, although the Russian military does not often disclose _____ figures. (A) casualty (B) chemical (C) geological (D) inventory (E) textile

12. Before _____ to the experimental treatment, the patient consulted multiple specialists to gain a full understanding of the potential risks. (A) ascending (B) consenting (C) descending (D) presenting (E) resenting

13. Advanced genetic engineering techniques require sterile laboratory conditions, as even the slightest contamination can _____ the accuracy of results. (A) contextualize (B) jeopardize (C) legitimize (D) prioritize (E) scrutinize

14. Before initiating the complex biochemical experiment, the researchers _____ prepared the instruments and reviewed the protocols to minimize errors that could compromise the validity of their results. (A) maliciously (B) meticulously (C) precariously (D) presumptuously (E) pretentiously

15. The artist's work covers a wide _____ of styles, ranging from abstract to hyper-realistic portraits. (A) anomaly (B) fragment (C) monotony (D) rigidity (E) spectrum

16. Blood vessel networks form the circulatory infrastructure of the body, comprising a hierarchical system of arteries, capillaries and veins that _____ tissues. (A) accelerate (B) elicit (C) ignite (D) permeate (E) repent

17. The evil of social hierarchy and race hatred must be eliminated while it is still in a(n) _____ state; otherwise it may grow to dangerous proportions. (A) arthritic (B) divergent (C) embryonic (D) obscene (E) uncultivated

18. The media _____ expanded his empire by acquiring several television networks and newspapers. (A) apprentice (B) bureaucrat (C) mogul (D) novice (E) philanthropist

19. The grand _____ stood at the heart of the city, a testament to centuries of architectural innovation and history. (A) caprice (B) cheetah (C) edifice (D) erudition (E) machismo

20. This national park has been preserved in all its _____ wildness so that visitors in future years may see how people lived during the eighteenth century. (A) esoteric (B) hedonistic (C) lubricious (D) pristine (E) untrammeled 

II. Grammar and Structure: 10 points A. Please choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

21. Emergency room staff must make quick decisions under pressure, assessing patients’ vital signs, identifying life-threatening conditions, and providing immediate medical care to stabilize _____ in critical condition. (A) this (B) that (C) these (D) those (E) whom

22. _____ in Africa as a volunteer, she understood the real impact of poverty. (A) Being worked (B) Had working (C) Had been working (D) Have been working (E) Having worked

23. Hormones have many jobs, from promoting bodily growth to _____ to regulating metabolism. (A) aid digestion (B) an aid of digestion (C) aiding digestion (D) be of aid to digestion (E) be aided

24. _____ to get into college that she decided to start blogging about it. (A) So difficult was it (B) So difficult it was (C) So it was difficult (D) Difficult it was so (E) Difficult so it was

25. _____ a 20-year-old player captained the college team. (A) Before never has (B) Never before has (C) Has never before (D) Has before never (E) Never having before 

B. For each sentence, please choose ONE underlined part that contains ungrammatical use of English.

26.   Reaching   seven hours of blissful,   undisturbed   sleep could very well involve   placing   limits   on  caffeine intake, drinking chamomile tea and averting our eyes   to   blue light before bedtime. (A)Reaching(B)undisturbed(C)placing(D)on(E)to

27. If you   would have gone   to last   night’s   game, I am sure you   would have   enjoyed   seeing   our team    win  . (A)would have gone(B)night’s(C)would have(D)seeing(E)win

28.   Since   the beginning of   recorded   history, man   has struggled   for full freedom and equality, and    fought   against oppression and  restrain  . (A)Since(B)recorded(C)has struggled(D)fought (E)restrain

29. We’re in the   unprecedenting   situation   where   innumerable cultural forces   are spinning   our brains  into fear-based thinking   that   not only leads to anxiety but also   teaches   us to use the anxiety-  prone parts of our brain.(A)unprecedenting(B)where(C)are spinning(D)that(E) teaches 

30. Signs that someone is   emotionally   abusing you   include     them   being demeaning, insulting,  threatening, controlling, limiting your contact   with   friends and family, humiliating, intimidating,  shaming, and   overlooking   your needs and wants. (A)emotionally(B)include(C)them (D)with(E) overlooking

31. What is the best title for the passage? (A) The Rise of Carbon Cowboys in the Amazon (B) The Benefits of Carbon Credits for Local Farmers (C) Carbon Credits: A Way to Save the Environment (D) Carbon Cowboys: Protecting the Amazon Rainforest (E) The Exploitation of Local Communities by Carbon Cowboys

32. To which of the positions marked [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5] does the following sentence best belong? “This undermines the credibility of the carbon credit system and makes it harder for genuinely sustainable initiatives to succeed.” (A) [1] (B) [2] (C) [3] (D) [4] (E) [5]

33. What does “it” in the last paragraph refer to? (A) The financial profit (B) The environmental preservation (C) The carbon credit system (D) The Amazon rainforest (E) The decision-making process

34. What does the word “cowboy” mean in the passage? (A) A company whose business is run dishonestly (B) A company that is experienced (C) A company that is eager to win (D) A company whose business is profitable (E) A company whose project is effective

35. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? (A) Carbon cowboys did not carefully evaluate their project plans. (B) Local communities in the Amazon initiated the carbon credit projects. (C) Local communities in the Amazon need to be informed to offset their emissions. (D) Governments should work to lessen their control over the carbon credit system. (E) Carbon credits are the only way to stop environmental damage in the Amazon rainforest. 

36. What is the best title for the passage? (A) The Growing Global Burden of Allergic Diseases (B) How Urbanization is Reducing Allergy Prevalence (C) Advancements in Allergy Treatment and Cure (D) The Role of Genetics in Allergy Development (E) Allergies Are No Longer a Concern in Developed Countries

37. What does “this disconnect” in the first paragraph refer to? (A) The difference between the number of allergy specialists and general physicians (B) The disparities between rural and urban healthcare facilities (C) The difference between allergic diseases in developed and developing countries (D) The gap between the increasing allergy cases and healthcare training (E) The lack of agreement between international allergy organizations

38. Why do second generation migrant populations have a higher risk of developing allergies than their parents do? (A) They are socially underprivileged and lack proper access to healthcare. (B) They consume different diets that make them more prone to allergies. (C) They experience longer exposure to allergens throughout their lives. (D) They inherit allergies genetically from their parents. (E) They usually bring more allergens from the rural areas to urban areas.

39. What does the phrase “affluent countries” most likely mean based on the passage? (A) Countries with a high level of industrial pollution (B) Wealthy nations with better living conditions and healthcare access (C) Countries with a high prevalence of allergies but poor medical services (D) Countries with lower pollen exposure due to optimal environmental conditions (E) Countries that have a large second generation migrant population

40. According to the passage, what is the proposed solution to addressing the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases? (A) Reducing urbanization to prevent allergy-related conditions (B) Increasing allergy research funding for more effective treatments (C) Improving education and training for healthcare professionals (D) Investing in technology to remove allergens from the environment (E) Encouraging home remedies to reduce reliance on medical resources 

41. How is the information in the passage organized? (A) The passage describes a step-by-step process of coffee production. (B) The passage explains the causes and effects of rising global coffee prices. (C) The passage lists different types of coffee beans and their market demand. (D) The passage compares and contrasts coffee production in Brazil and Vietnam. (E) The passage presents a chronological account of past and present coffee price trends.

42. Which of the following statements correctly describes Brazil and Vietnam in terms of their coffee production? (A) Vietnam’s overall coffee production is larger than Brazil’s. (B) Vietnam’s coffee production was affected only by drought. (C) Brazil’s coffee production dropped by 0.5 percent next year. (D) Brazil and Vietnam are both expected to increase their coffee output next year. (E) Brazil leads in arabica production, while Vietnam is a major producer of robusta coffee.

43. What made the coffee price spike in 1977 more significant than the current one? (A) Coffee consumption was higher in 1977 than it is today. (B) The price increase in 1977 was caused by a global economic crisis. (C) Modern coffee traders have better strategies to handle price fluctuations. (D) Inflation-adjusted prices show that coffee was much more expensive then. (E) Snow destroyed swathes of Brazil’s plantations.

44. What does the phrase “feel less of a pinch” mean in the passage? (A) Gain more health benefits from coffee (B) Receive discounts on coffee purchases (C) Consume less coffee due to higher prices (D) Pay more for coffee than those who brew it at home (E) Experience less financial burden from price increases

45. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? (A) Despite being high-end beans, arabica is primarily used for instant coffee. (B) The boss of Nestle refused to raise coffee prices and decided to step down. (C) Roasters are responding to falling coffee output by raising prices immediately. (D) While Brazil’s arabica production is declining, its robusta output is expected to grow. (E) Starbucks will have to decrease coffee prices due to increasing output in Brazil and Vietnam. 

46. How does the author start the passage with? (A) By defining ADHD and its symptoms (B) By describing a personal story in a family (C) By explaining the history of ADHD research (D) By listing common misconceptions about ADHD (E) By presenting statistical data on ADHD diagnoses

47. What can be inferred from the second paragraph? (A) The majority of ADHD cases are first identified in adulthood. (B) More adults are aware of their potential ADHD symptoms than before. (C) ADHD is becoming more common in adults due to environmental changes. (D) ADHD symptoms typically emerge only after the age of eighteen. (E) Government studies have recently changed the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in adults.

48. What does Justin Barterian’s quote in the third paragraph support? (A) ADHD testing demand has significantly risen in recent years. (B) ADHD medication shortages were caused by supply chain disruptions. (C) The majority of new ADHD diagnoses are in children rather than adults. (D) The 2023 study was the first to confirm a rise in adult ADHD prescriptions. (E) The increase in ADHD diagnoses is primarily due to better awareness among parents.

49. What was a key factor contributing to the increase in ADHD diagnoses and medication use before the pandemic? (A) Increased stress levels in modern society (B) Greater public awareness of ADHD symptoms through social media (C) Changes in diagnostic criteria that broadened the definition of ADHD (D) A rise in online learning, which made ADHD symptoms more noticeable (E) Advances in brain imaging technology that improved diagnostic accuracy

50. How did the pandemic exacerbate ADHD symptoms in some individuals? (A) Increased screen time during the pandemic directly caused a rise in ADHD cases. (B) Remote work and school closures created an environment with more distractions. (C) Many people developed ADHD due to increased stress and isolation during the pandemic. (D) During the pandemic, doctors introduced new diagnostic criteria that made ADHD easier to identify. (E) The lack of structured routines during the pandemic made it more difficult to manage ADHD symptoms.

IV. Essay Writing: 20 points
    Write an essay of at least 200 words regarding the following sentences:
Personality tests are sometimes criticized as pseudoscience, though opinions vary. In this writing, define what constitutes a scientific study. Then outline its key steps, using examples to illustrate its essential characteristics.