43. Which one of the following organelle is not included in the endomembrane system?
(A) Golgi apparatus
(B) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) Proteasome
(D) Lysosome
(E) Nuclear envelope

39. Which one of the following could provide the best data for determining the phylogeny of very closely related species? (A) The fossil record (B) A comparison of embryological development (C) An analysis of their morphological differences and similarities (D) A comparison of their ribosomal DNA sequences (E) A comparison of nucleotide sequences in homologous genes and mitochondrial DNA

40. Which one of the following plant could be more likely to adapt hot and arid environments? 1. Arabidopsis 2. Rice 3. Sugarcane 4. Pineapple 5. Cactus (A) 1,2 (B) 1,2,3 (C) 1,2,5 (D) 3,4,5 (E) 1,2,3,4,5

41. Which one of the following statement is correct between glycogen and cellulose? (A) Basic subunits are both glucose. (B) Location in the cellular level is the same. (C) The linkage between each subunits is the same. (D) Function in organisms are both for storage. (E) Both are structurally branched.

42. Which one of the following is not related to paternity test? (A) Short tandem repeats (STRs) of DNA (B) Reverse transcription (C) Primer (D) DNA polymerase (E) PCR

44. Which are the three people awarded for Nobel Prize to the discovery of how the cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability? (A) James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman, and Thomas C. Südhof (B) John O’Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser (C) William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu (D) William G. Kaelin Jr, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, and Gregg L. Semenza (E) Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young

45. In temperate regions, which pigment is responsible for the red-yellow coloration seen in leaves during the color change in autumn? (A) Chlorophyll a (B) Chlorophyll b (C) Carotenoids (D) Porphyrin (E) Anthocyanin

46. If we use 14CO2 as a radioactive tracer to track the carbon transition, which one of the following molecule could be incorporated in the last reaction of Calvin cycle? (A) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) (B) Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) (C) 1,3-biphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) (D) 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) (E) Glucose

47. Compare to the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells, which structure serve the same function in animal cells? (A) Gap junctions (B) Middle lamella (C) Hemidesmosomes (D) Tight junctions (E) Basal lamina

48. If the genus Oryza is monophyletic, which one of the following is correct? (A) Oryza all have nearly identical appearance. (B) Oryza cannot be classified in a single family or order. (C) All species of Oryza are descended from a common ancestor. (D) All species of plant are classified as being in a single order. (E) All species of Oryza grow in similar habitats.

49. Nitrogen fixation is observed in some plant species. Which one of the following statement is correct about nitrogen fixation? (A) N2 will be converted to NO3- . (B) Nitrifying bacteria are able to fix nitrogen gas. (C) This occurs in aerobic environment. (D) This may produce hydrogen gas. (E) This is catalyzed by nitrate reductase.