44. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
(A) Despite mitigation, Iceland is still volcanic-risk prone.
(B) Unlike Indonesia, Iceland continues to face volcanic threats.
(C) Because of attempts to minimize dangers, Iceland is free from the risk of volcanic events.
(D) Apart from seismometers, Iceland use satellites to predict volcanic eruptions.
(E) Despite preventive measures, Iceland remains susceptible to earthquake hazards.

40. What does the word “complement” mean in the passage? (A) To compete against (B) To eliminate completely (C) To contradict with (D) To generate from (E) To combine well with 

41. What is the best title for this passage? (A) The Physical and Emotional Toll of Volcanic Eruptions (B) Volcanic Tourism Hotspots Around the World (C) The Economic Benefits of Volcanic Activity (D) Celebrating Volcano Culture in Indonesia (E) Iceland's Most Famous Volcanic Eruptions

42. To which of the positions marked [1], [2], [3], [4], and [5] does the following sentence best belong? “However, technology cannot eliminate emotional and cultural losses.” (A) [1] (B) [2] (C) [3] (D) [4] (E) [5]

43. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean? (A) Volcanic eruptions can reshape landscapes, alter ecosystems, and impact global climate. (B) Volcanic eruptions can lead to extensive damage to coastal communities. (C) Volcanic eruptions can cause widespread destruction and damage. (D) Volcanic eruptions can release vast amounts of ash, gases, and molten lava. (E) Volcanic eruptions can trigger secondary hazards such as lahars, and pyroclastic flows.

45. What does the passage tell us about the warning systems? (A) They do not reduce the impacts of shield volcanic eruptions. (B) They may not fully address the emotional and communal impacts of volcanic eruptions. (C) They effectively measure the pollution caused by volcanic eruptions. (D) They help reduce residents’ laments about the destruction of their homes. (E) They always provide sufficient notice or accurate information.

46. What is the main idea of this passage? (A) A successful negotiator should be equipped with skills of leading a conversation. (B) The deviation in a conversation leads to the failure of negotiations. (C) To understand what the other party feels is essential in negotiations. (D) Negotiations is an important skill for real estate investors. (E) A win-win situation can be achieved if a negotiator offers the least concessions.

47. In the scenario described with negotiating for a beach house, what does the passage suggest? (A) Using emotional manipulation to sway the other party's decision (B) Using empathy as well as reason to persuade the other party (C) Disregarding the value of the lake house in favor of emotional appeal (D) Avoiding discussion of emotional aspects to maintain control (E) Leveraging personal emotional attachment to gain advantage in negotiations

48. What approach does the passage recommend for negotiating with a dealership to achieve a favorable outcome? (A) Insisting on immediate gratification without considering long-term benefits (B) Exploring alternative options without addressing the dealership's perspective (C) Strategically leveraging one's credit history and existing assets (D) Employing aggressive tactics to overpower the dealership's stance (E) Ignoring potential benefits offered by the dealership to maintain control

49. According to the passage, what is a potential outcome of successfully addressing the other party's pain points in negotiations? (A) Exacerbating the other party's concerns and escalating the conflict (B) Generating mistrust and resentment, hindering future negotiations (C) Ignoring the other party's perspective and imposing one's own terms (D) Establishing a mutually beneficial agreement that resolves underlying issues (E) Achieving dominance in the negotiation process through intimidation tactics

50. Choose the expression closest in meaning to “leverage”? (A) to exert power (B) to gauge (C) to obligate (D) to proclaim (E) to sacrifice