46. In osmoregulation of freshwater fish and marine fish, which statement is correct?
(A)Only freshwater fish gain salt ions from food.
(B)Only freshwater fish excrete ions from gills.
(C)Only marine fish uptake ions from gills.
(D)Only marine fish excrete ions from kidney.
(E)Only freshwater fish uptake ions from gills.

42. How does hemoglobin stabilize the pH value in human blood? (A)It carries CO2 to the lung. (B)It carries O2 to the blood. (C)It binds H+ in blood when pH values lowered. (D)It binds carbonate ions in blood. (E)It releases H+ to blood when pH values changed.

43. Myocardial infarction is the results of____. (A)the rupture of arteries in lungs (B)the blockage of arteries in brain (C)the damage of limb arteries (D)the high level of C-reactive protein responding to inflammation (E)the damage of coronary arteries

44. For the process of the activation of a helper T cell, pick a WRONG step below. (A)the antigen independently binds to the binding site of the helper T cell (B)a macrophage encounters the antigen (C)the self protein binds to the antigen (D)the antigen-self protein complex migrates to the surface of macrophage (E)the antigen-self protein complex binds to the T cell receptor

45. Antihistamines allow short term relief of allergy based on which reason below? (A)They form a complex of the effector B cells. (B)They stop the formation of B cells. (C)They deactivate the allergens. (D)They interfere the histamine’s action. (E)They attach to the mast cells.

47. Which description of the reabsorption and secretion in human kidney below is INCORRECT? (A)The initial filtrate in Bowman’s capsule include H2O, H+, HCO3-, urea and nutrients. (B)In the proximal tubule, nutrients, salt, HCO3-, and H2O are reabsorbed. No secretion. (C)In the loop of Henle, salt and H2O are reabsorbed. No secretion. (D)In the distal tubule, salt, HCO3-, and H2O are reabsorbed. Secretion takes place. (E)In the collecting duct, salt, urea and H2O are reabsorbed. No secretion.

48. Pancreatic hormones regulate blood glucose level. In the statements below, which one is correct? (A)Alpha cells in pancreas release insulin into the blood. (B)Insulin stimulates only liver cells to take up glucose. (C)When the level of blood glucose drops, it diminished the alpha cells. (D)If the regulation of insulin is disordered and thus blood glucose is elevated, this is called hyperglycemia. (E)Type I diabetes is caused by the defective insulin signaling.

49. A woman has experienced several miscarriages due to the low level of a hormone that causes the breakdown of the uterus lining (similar to menstruation). Which hormone could be the insufficient one? (A)LH (luteinizing hormone) (B)FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) (C)Oxytocin (D)Prolactin (E)Insulin

50. In a skeletal muscle contraction, which is would be shortened during contraction? (A)Z-line (B)Thick filaments (C)Sarcomere (D)Thin filaments (E)Dark band

1. Perform the following mathematic operations, and express the result to the correct number of significant figures.=?(A)188.1272(B) 188.127(C)188.13(D) 188.1 (E)188

 2. Which one of the following statements is correct? (A) The systematic name for TeO32- is tellurate ion.(B) The systematic name for NO2 is nitrogen(IV) oxide. (C) The systematic name for Mg3(SbO4)2 is magnesium antimonate. (D)The systematic name for GaAs is gallium arsenate. (E)The systematic name for Na2O2 is sodium oxide.