47. Which of the form of interaction between two species resulted in increase of fitness of both parties?
(A) Mutualism
(B) Predation
(C)Parasitism
(D) Herbivory
(E) Commensalism

43. For Schwann cells in a motor neuron, which description below is incorrect? (A) They locate on dendrites of a neuron. (B) Myelin sheath is the insulating material for Schwann cells. (C)In between Schwann cells, there is node of Ranvier. (D) Schwann cells speed up the transmission of signals. (E) Schwann cells do not cover the synaptic terminals.

44. A nerve signal begins as a change of membrane potential occurred. Which one below is invalid about the change of membrane potential? (A) Before the change, the resting potential is maintained by the sodium-potassium pumps. (B) Once the nerve was excited, more potassium channels opened, and more sodium channels closed thus the membrane potential changed. (C)The changes of ion concentrations after the excitement of nerve, it causes the depolarization across inside and outside of the membrane. (D) To see depolarization happens, the stimulation needs to reach a threshold. (E) Finally, the membrane repolarized into a status that interior of cell is more negatively charged.

45. Which one below does NOT involve in the hearing of a human? (A) Outer ear (B) Eardrum (C)Hammer (D) Semicircular canals (E) Organ of Corti

46. In a filament sliding model of a muscle fiber, which one below would shorten during a muscle contraction? (A) Dark band (B) Sarcomere (C)Myosin (D) Actin (E) Z line

48. The equation of a population growth with limited resource is G= rN(K-N)/K, in which G stands for the growth rate of a population, r is the per capita rate of increase, N is the population size at a particular time, and K is the carrying capacity, or the maximum population size. If the term (K-N)/K=1, the model of this population growth is called ____. (A) logistic model (B) lognormal model (C)intrinsic model (D) exponential model (E) limited model

49. Which one below is the largest unit within which gene flow can occur based on the biological species concept? (A) Cohort (B) Species (C)Population (D) Genus (E) Class

50. In a forensic scene, the DNA profile that a police officer uses as the evidence to identify the crime is based on ____. (A) The DNA sequences of a particular gene. (B) The presence of an expressed gene. (C)The order of genes on a chromosome. (D) The genotype frequency (E) The presence of different fragment sizes of DNA

1. 下列有關細胞分裂的敘述，何者正確？ (A)不具中心體的細胞不會產生紡錘絲 (B)有絲分裂及減數分裂的中期時，染色體都會排列在中央的細胞板上 (C)第一次減 數分裂的前期及中期染色體都有聯會現象 (D)減數分裂時非同源染色體之間較可能 產生互換作用。

2. 下列有關自主神經的敘述，何者正確？ (A)交感神經可加速心臟跳動及腸胃蠕動速率 (B)交感神經的節前神經元的纖維較長 (C)交感神經會促使瞳孔縮小 (D)交感神經分 布範圍較廣。

3. 若一個理想的人類族群中，血型 IA 基因佔 20%，i 基因 50%，請問該族群中具有 B 型 血型的人約佔多少？ (A)39% (B)24% (C)25% (D)9%。