5. Which one is the genetic material for almost all living organisms?
(A) Deoxyribonucleic acid
(B) Ribonucleic acid
(C)Phospholipids
(D) Polypeptide
(E) Carbohydrates

1. Which one is NOT an example of system biology? (A) The overall effect of a drug that could lower blood pressure to the whole human body. (B) The study of consequences of the water supply level of crops to the essential nutrition of human consumers. (C)The study of the DNA molecules and the mechanism of DNA duplication. (D) The study of how industrial releasing of CO2 to atmosphere alter ecosystem and the entire biosphere. (E) The study of the effect of changing one variable to the responses of components of an agricultural system.

2. What is NOT an emergent property of water molecules that contributed to our Earth’s suitability for life? (A) The property of cohesion of water molecules. (B) Water as an excellent solute for life to use. (C)The high specific heat of water. (D) Floating of ice on liquid water. (E) Water stabilizes the temperature dynamics of environment for life.

3. Which kind of compound is defined by their mirror images of the compounds that have the same numbers of atoms of the same elements but different structure? (A) Enantiomers (B) Structure isomers (C)Cis-isomers (D) Trans-isomers (E) Isotopes

4. Which one is NOT a correct combination of a polysaccharide and its function? (A) Starch - Storage polysaccharide (B) Cellulose – Structural polysaccharide (C)Chitin – Structural polysaccharide (D) Glycogen – Storage polysaccharide (E) Sucrose – Storage polysaccharides

6. Naked human eyes cannot see which of the objects below? (A) Frog eggs (B) Paramecium (C)Mitochondrion (D) Chicken eggs (E) Giraffes

7. Which one is NOT a valid description about diffusion of particle in cells? (A) The passive transport of particles depends on diffusion. (B) There is no energy investment for cells when passive transport happens. (C)When transport across cell membrane, the driving direction of the molecules depends on concentration gradient. (D) If the environment of a cell is hypotonic, the size of the cell would enlarge. (E) Diffusion across cell membrane never involve transport proteins.

8. For transport of large molecules, such as some proteins or polysaccharides, the most likely way of cell transport is ____. (A) diffusion (B) endocytosis (C)facilitated diffusion (D) active transport using protein channels (E) osmosis

9. In cellular respiration stages, which one is the stage that uses oxygen? (A) Glycolysis (B) Citric acid cycle (C)Electron Transport Chain (D) Pyruvate oxidation (E) Chemiosmosis

10. Where does photosynthesis take place in a plant leaf? (A) Stomata (B) Chloroplasts (C)Vein (D) Cell wall (E) Tracheids

11. In a cell cycle of human (mitosis), which stage is the stage that duplication of chromosomes happens? (A) Prophase (B) Anaphase (C)Prometaphase (D) Interphase (E) Telophase