5. _____ means that teachers and students collaborate in identifying a set of lexical-grammatical patterns from a corpus. Teachers can select and arrange the concordance lines in advance to minimize the cognitive load of this task.
(A) Data-driven learning
(B) Collaborative learning
(C) Project-based learning
(D) Task-based learning

• 數據驅動學習是一種語言教學方法，它利用語料庫（corpus）中的真實語言數據，讓學生通過觀察和分析，自主發現語言的規律。
• 在這種方法中，教師和學生會共同分析語料庫中的詞彙和語法模式，從而提高語言學習的效果。
• 題目中提到的「教師和學生協作從語料庫中識別詞彙-語法模式」以及「教師可以預先選擇和安排搭配行，以最小化此任務的認知負荷」都符合數據驅動學習的特點。
• 搭配行（concordance lines）指的是語料庫中顯示某個詞語或短語在不同語境中的使用情況的句子。

其他選項說明

• (B) Collaborative learning（協作學習）：協作學習是指學生通過合作完成任務來學習。雖然數據驅動學習可以包含協作元素，但它的核心是利用語料庫數據進行學習。
• (C) Project-based learning（專案式學習）：專案式學習是指學生通過完成一個長期專案來學習。雖然專案式學習可能涉及數據分析，但它與數據驅動學習的重點不同。
• (D) Task-based learning（任務式學習）：任務式學習是指學生通過完成有意義的任務來學習。雖然任務式學習可能涉及語言分析，但它與數據驅動學習的重點不同。

總結

• 數據驅動學習是一種利用真實語言數據進行語言學習的方法。
• 通過分析語料庫中的搭配行，學生可以自主發現語言的規律。
• 因此，答案為數據驅動學習。

Data-driven learning (DDL) is an approach to foreign language learning. Whereas most language learning is guided by teachers and textbooks, data-driven learning treats language as data and students as researchers undertaking guided discovery tasks. Underpinning this pedagogical approach is the data - information - knowledge paradigm (see DIKW pyramid). It is informed by a pattern-based approach to grammar and vocabulary, and a lexicogrammatical approach to language in general. Thus the basic task in DDL is to identify patterns at all levels of language. From their findings, foreign language students can see how an aspect of language is typically used, which in turn informs how they can use it in their own speaking and writing. Learning how to frame language questions and use the resources to obtain data and interpret it is fundamental to learner autonomy. When students arrive at their own conclusions through such procedures, they use their higher order thinking skills (see Bloom's taxonomy) and are creating knowledge (see Vygotsky). (Wiki)