51. News about Angelina Jolie’s recent surgery was _____.
(A) made public by the actress herself
(B) released by the Caldwell Breast Center
(C) publicized without Jolie’s prior knowledge
(D) sold to NBCnews.com. by professional paparazzi
(E) spread by a celebrated cancer specialist

47. In the first paragraph, the word “ramifications” means _____ (A) classification (B) branches (C) inconsequence (D) deficits (E) conundrums

48. According to Daniel Dennett, which of the following best describes Darwin’s contribution to the scholarship? (A) His idea is the best single idea in the history of natural science. (B) His idea separates physics from chemistry. (C) His idea differentiates meaningless world from the meaningful. (D) His idea unifies what was once taken as two disparate worlds: the meaningless mechanical world and the meaningful cultural one. (E) His idea crisscrosses the empirical science and social science.

49. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? (A) Darwin’s evolution theory has been pre-empted by other scholars. (B) Darwin’s theory endorses the traditional idea that humankind is essentially special and superior. (C) Darwin’s theory is a main destroyer of Christian belief. (D) Darwin’s theory reforms our preconceptions. (E) Darwin’s theory is often misread by the political philosophers.

50. Which of the following best fits Richard Dawkins’s opinion quoted above? (A) Darwin discovered something that is quite complicated. (B) It is unbelievable how no one before Darwin had ever come across such a simple principle. (C) Darwin’s theory is hard to believe in. (D) Darwin’s theory discovered a principle that had already been stated by other forerunners. (E) Darwin made a lucky guess.

52. Based on the reading, it’s evident that _____. (A) Dr. Heidi Memmel has been Jolie’s medical advisor for years (B) breast cancer can hardly be detected without a mammogram (C) Jolie comes from a family with cancer history (D) celebrities tend to rely heavily on genetic testing (E) a mutation carrier usually has a short life-span

53. What does “that” at the end of paragraph 5 refer to when Dr. Memmel said that Jolie “probably didn't have that done”? (A) reconstructive surgery using tissues from her belly (B) breast silicone implantation (C) annual breast MRI and mammogram (D) mastectomy and ovarian removal (E) fatty tissue in the abdominal region

54. Which of the following statements represents Dr. Memmel’s view? (A) Jolie made a hasty decision to have the preventative double mastectomy. (B) The public understanding regarding genetic testing is largely accurate. (C) Mastectomy can effectively lower a mutation carrier’s risk of developing cancer. (D) The size of breasts is important to women and, luckily, surgery is readily available. (E) Spreading the news about a celebrity’s medical condition is important because it’s interesting.

55. Which of the following statements is correct, according to the reading? (A) Thanks to its great value in preventative care, genetic testing is always conducted to identify a high-risk group. (B) Preventive mastectomy is customarily done in hospitals to treat breast cancer. (C) To ensure better cosmetic results, immediate reconstructive surgery should be avoided. (D) Oncologists and surgeons often work together to cure cancer patients. (E) In general, neither saline nor silicone is implanted for breast augmentation.

1. After the accident, Tom was badly scarred but the plastic surgeon did a marvelous skin ____ and now you can hardly see any trace of it. (A) transfer (B) change (C) graft (D) transplant

2. The court heard that the six defendants had been ____ into making a confession. (A) coerced (B) confided (C) conducted (D) induced