68. GALAD model 可以運用在 HCC 診斷，下列何者不屬於 GALAD model 的組成項目？
(A) Platelet count
(B) AFP-L3%
(C) DCP(protein induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II)
(D) Sex

(E) Age

64. 下列有關於非酒精性脂肪肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)之敘述，何者是不正確的？(A)非酒精性脂肪肝病為一症候群，涵蓋單純脂肪變性(simple steatosis)、非酒精性脂性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)、纖維化以及肝硬化(B)非酒精性脂肪肝病發生與肥胖以及胰島素抗性(insulin resistance)有密切相關，體型瘦者也會得 NAFLD(C)非酒精性脂性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)的病理診斷要件包括 steatosis, ballooning and lobular inflammation(D)非酒精性脂性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)存在時，患者有較高機會得到肝硬化，但不會發生肝細胞癌

65. 肝穿刺是診斷各種肝臟疾病的重要參考與標準，下列有關肝穿刺與病理檢查診斷各種肝臟疾病的描述，何者為正確的？(1)肝穿刺檢體太小無法提供足夠的資訊，檢體長度應至少 1.5~2cm(2)肝穿刺與病理檢查可以應用於診斷病因、評估嚴重度與治療反應(3)肝穿刺檢查的安全性很高，發生內出血的機會僅約 5/100(4)肝穿刺與病理檢查診斷可以精準判斷藥物引發的肝損傷(drug-induced liver injury, DILI)(A) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(4)(B) (1)＋(2)＋(4)(C) (1)＋(2)＋(3)(D) (1)＋(2)(E) (3)＋(4)

66. 肝癌 HCC 的第 2 線 systemic therapy，依據第 3 期臨床試驗(1) KEYNOTE 240(2) RESORCE(3) REACH-2(4) CELESTIAL其中 2 線藥物相對於 placebo，overall survival(OS)的 Hazard ratio(HR)的數值，由最低到最高排列順序為？(A) (2)-(3)-(4)-(1)(B) (4)-(2)-(3)-(1)(C) (1)-(2)-(3)-(4)(D) (2)-(1)-(3)-(4)(E) (3)-(2)-(4)-(1)

67. 關於 Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS)system，下列敘述何者錯誤？(1) LI-RADS 1 and LI-RADS2 indicate definitely and probably benign(2) LI-RADS 3 indicates a low probability of HCC(3) “a small nodular area of CT/MR arterial phase hyperenhancement, which is not present on other phases” is classified as LI-RADS 2(4) “a ≥2-cm encapsulated lesion with CT/MR arterial phase hyperenhancement, but without “washout” is classified as LI-RADS 4(5) “a ≥2-cm lesion that enhances to the same degree as liver in the CT/MR arterial phase, but enhances less (i.e., is hypoenhanced) in the postarterial phases” is classified as LI-RADS 3(A) (1)＋(4)(B) (2)＋(3)(C) (3)(D) (2)＋(3)＋(5)(E) (3)＋(5)

69. 依據 2018 EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines 關於 BCLC 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？(1) Very early HCC (BCLC stage 0) is defined as the presence of a single tumor＜2 cm in diameter without vascular invasion/satellites in patients with good health status (ECOG-0) and well-preserved liver function (Child-Pugh Aclass)(2) Early HCC (BCLC stage A) is defined in patients presenting with single tumors ＞2 cm or three nodules ＜3 cm in diameter, ECOG-0 and preservedliver function(3) Large solitary HCC beyond 5 cm should be classified as BCLC B(4) Among BCLC B, Child-Pugh B patients with refractory ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, liver transplantation should not be considered(A) (3)(B) (4)(C) (1)＋(3)(D) (3)＋(4)(E) (2)＋(3)

70. 依據 2018 HCC EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines，下列何者錯誤？(1) Liver resection is recommended for single HCC of any size and in particular for tumors ＞2 cm, when hepatic function is preserved, and sufficientremnant liver volume is maintained(2) Assessment of response in HCC should be based on RECIST1.1 for loco-regional therapies(3) For systemic therapies both mRECIST and RECIST1.1 are recommended to assess the response(4) HCC with tumor-related portal vein thrombosis (PVTT) can be graded as PV1 (segmentary), PV2 (secondary order branch), PV3 (first order branch),and PV4 (main trunk/contralateral branch)(5) Liver resection can be considered for PV1/2 extension of HCC(A) (3)(B) (2)(C) (2)＋(3)(D) (3)＋(4)(E) (2)＋(5)

71. 依據 2018 HCC EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines，Liver transplantation 的敘述下列何者錯誤？(1) Liver transplantation is recommended as the first-line option for HCC within Milan criteria but unsuitable for resection(2) Consensus on expanded criteria for liver transplantation in HCC has not been reached(3) UCSF criteria include single nodule ≤5 cm or 2–3 nodules ≤3 cm and total tumor diameter ≤6.5 cm(4) Total tumor volume (TTV) criteria + alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) defined as TTV＜115 cm3 and AFP ＜400 ng/ml(A) (3)(B) (2)(C) (2)＋(3)(D) (3)＋(4)(E) (2)＋(4)

72. 依據 2018 HCC EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines，Local ablation 的敘述下列何者正確？(1) RFA is the standard of care for patients with BCLC 0 and A tumors not suitable for surgery(2) For BCLC-0, RFA in favorable locations can be adopted as first-line therapy(3) Ethanol injection is an option in some cases where RFA is not technically feasible, especially in tumors ＜2 cm(4) For sub-capsular HCCs, the technical success and the risk of complications should be considered when applying RFA(5) Tumor location has highly important consequences on the choice between RFA or surgery(A) (1)＋(2)(B) (1)＋(2)＋(3)(C) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(4)(D) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(4)＋(5)(E) (1)＋(2)＋(4)

73. 依據 2018 HCC EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines，TACE 的敘述下列何者正確？(1) The indication for TACE should consider tumour burden, underlying liver disease, and performance status(2) Inadequate hepatic function, such as serum bilirubin ＞2 mg/dl, and a tumor burden ＞50% of total liver volume, increase the risk of hepaticdecompensation after TACE(3) Segmental or sub-segmental portal vein tumor invasions are absolute contraindications for TACE(4) Patients with biliary-enteric anastomosis or biliary stent are at higher risk of hepatic abscess by TACE(A) (1)＋(2)(B) (1)＋(2)＋(3)(C) (2)＋(3)＋(4)(D) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(4)(E) (1)＋(2)＋(4)

74. 關於 HCC systemic therapy 的敘述下列何者正確？(1) Systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin or FOLFOX did not demonstrate survival benefits(2) Lenvatinib targets VEGFR1-3; fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1-4);platelet-derived growth factor receptor α, RET, and KIT(3) Cabozantinib is a MET, VEGFR2 and RET inhibitor approved for thyroid,renal cancer and HCC(4) Ramucirumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting VEGFR 1-3(5) Progression-free survival is a composite endpoint that includes two types of variables: death and evidence of radiological progression(A) (1)＋(2)(B) (1)＋(2)＋(3)(C) (2)＋(3)＋(4)(D) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(5)(E) (1)＋(2)＋(3)＋(4)＋(5)