8. In a phylogenetic tree, a group is composed of some species but not their most recent common ancestor. This is an example of ________.
(A) monophyletic group
(B) paraphyletic group
(C) polyphyletic group
(D) polytomy
(E) dicotomy

4. In the life cycle of an angiosperm, which of the following cells or tissues are diploids? (A) generative cells (B) microsporocyte (C) antipodal cells (D) tube cells (E) polar nuclei of the embryo sac

5. The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits from a flower with multiple carpels. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of the flower. Therefore, a strawberry is ________. (A) both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit (B) both a multiple fruit and an accessory fruit (C) both a multiple fruit and an aggregate fruit (D) both a simple fruit and an aggregate fruit (E) both a simple fruit and an accessory fruit

6. During splicing, which major molecular component of the spliceosome catalyzes the excision reaction? (A) protein (B) DNA (C) RNA (D) lipid (E) sugar

7. Which of the following statements regarding the body plans of animal is correct? (A) Cnidarian are bilateral symmetry. (B) Nematodes are acoelomate. (C) Platyhelminthes are radial symmetry. (D) Annelids are psudocoelomate. (E) Chordates are deuterostomia.

9. Bioluminescence is an important strategy for attracting preys in which of the following marine zone? (A) benthic zone (B) intertidal zone (C) oceanic zone (D) aphotic zone (E) photic zone

10. Which of the following descriptions regarding sensory receptors is correct? (A) Sense of smell is generated through mechanoreceptors. (B) Vision is generated through chemoreceptors. (C) Thermoreceptors detect change of pressures. (D) Nocireceptors detect pain feelings. (E) Photoreceptors detect sense of taste.

11. Which statement is incorrect concerning protein translation? (A) Ribosomes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have two subunits of unequal size. (B) Sequences exist in prokaryotic and eukaryotic rRNA that are so similar, that they likely derive from a common ancestor. (C) Initiator tRNA recognizes AUG codons during initiation at the P site of ribosome. (D) The 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits of E. coli combine to generate an 80S subunit. (E) Polysomes are rich in cells active in protein synthesis.

12. Testosterone is synthesized primarily by the ________. (A) Leydig cells (B) hypothalamus (C) sperm cells (D) anterior pituitary gland (E) seminiferous tubules

13. Which of the following orders regarding mammalian embryogenesis is correct? 1. cleavage 2. gastrula 3. blastula 4. cortical reaction 5. neurulation 6. acrosomal reaction (A) 132645 (B) 231546 (C) 461523 (D) 641325 (E) 654132

14. Which of the following descriptions regarding the embryonic germ layers is correct? (A) Pituitary gland is derived from mesoderm. (B) Thymus is derived from mesoderm. (C) Teeth are derived from mesoderm. (D) Adrenal cortex is derived from mesoderm. (E) Adrenal medulla is derived from mesoderm.