81. 有些開心手術的病人,在體外循環(Cardiopulmonary Bypass)結束之後,會產生 Low Cardiac Output Syndrome(LCOS),下列何者不是 LCOS 的危險因子(Risk Factor)?
(A) Preoperative left ventricular dysfunction
(B) Mechanical valve
(C) Long aortic cross-clamp time and total cardiopulmonary bypass time
(D) Reperfusion injury and inflammatory changes
(E) Poor myocardial preservation

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統計: A(0), B(15), C(0), D(1), E(1) #2974850